Readings on Fascism and National Socialism: Selected by members of the department of philosophy, University of Colorado — John Shaqi
Readings on Fascism and National Socialism: Selected by members of the department of philosophy, University of ColoradoVarious
Philosophy
Readings on Fascism and National Socialism: Selected by members of the department of philosophy, University of Colorado
Various
Fascism; National socialism
And if liberty is to be the attribute of the real man, and not of the
scarecrow invented by the individualistic Liberalism, then Fascism is
for liberty. It is for the only kind of liberty that is serious--the
liberty of the State and of the individual in the State. Because, for
the Fascist, all is comprised in the State and nothing spiritual or
human exists--much less has any value--outside the State. In this
respect Fascism is a totalising concept, and the Fascist State--the
unification and synthesis of every value--interprets, develops and
potentiates the whole life of the people.
8. Conception of a Corporate State.
No individuals nor groups (political parties, associations, labour
unions, classes) outside the State. For this reason Fascism is opposed
to Socialism, which clings rigidly to class war in the historic
evolution and ignores the unity of the State which moulds the classes
into a single, moral and economic reality. In the same way Fascism is
opposed to the unions of the labouring classes. But within the orbit
of the State with ordinative functions, the real needs, which give
rise to the Socialist movement and to the forming of labour unions,
are emphatically recognised by Fascism and are given their full
expression in the Corporative System, which conciliates every interest
in the unity of the State.
9. Democracy.
Individuals form classes according to categories of interests. They
are associated according to differentiated economical activities which
have a common interest: but first and foremost they form the State.
The State is not merely either the numbers or the sum of individuals
forming the majority of a people. Fascism for this reason is opposed
to the democracy which identifies peoples with the greatest number of
individuals and reduces them to a majority level. But if people are
conceived, as they should be, qualitatively and not quantitatively,
then Fascism is democracy in its purest form. The qualitative
conception is the most coherent and truest form and is therefore the
most moral, because it sees a people realised in the consciousness and
will of the few or even of one only; an ideal which moves to its
realisation in the consciousness and will of all. By "all" is meant
all who derive their justification as a nation, ethnically speaking,
from their nature and history, and who follow the same line of
spiritual formation and development as one single will and
consciousness--not as a race nor as a geographically determined
region, but as a progeny that is rather the outcome of a history which
perpetuates itself; a multitude unified by an idea embodied in the
will to have power and to exist, conscious of itself and of its
personality.
10. Conception of the State.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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