_Grandmother_, at the South, 26; Pabothʹkwe, Great Spirit of the Shawnee, 20; title of Doll Being, 164; title of one of Four Directions, 193 _Grandparents_ at the Four Directions, 26-27 _Grand River_, Ontario, drumsticks collected at, 130-131; Mask collected at, 158, 160-161; Naniʹtis collected at, 168; version of Minsi ceremony at, 138-143; worship of Corn Goddess at, 43 _Grass_, deerskin stuffed with, 123; drum stuffed with, 154, 165; strewn for seating guests, 117 _Grasshoppers_, plague of, 113 “_Graven image_” of Mask Being, 33. See _Mask_, _Mĭsiʹngʷ‛_ _Grease_, annointing with, in Annual ceremony, 105-106 _Great Bear_, a lesser manĭʹto, 49, 193 _Great Father_, see _Great Spirit_ _Great Horned Serpents_, evil manĭʹtowŭk, 49; protection against, 29, 193 _Great Man_, attributes of, 23. See _Great Spirit_ _Great Spirit_ or _Gicelĕmû‛ʹkaong_, concept of, 18-24, 88-92, 192-193; early writers on, 20-24; goodness of, 23-24; guardian spirit sent by, 80, 121; home of, in east, 109; home of, in Twelfth Heaven, 19, 31, 52-53, 196; masks the messengers of, 31, 88, 112-113; Minsi concept of, 127-128, 133-134; prayer to, 18, 31, 88-90, 112-113, 136-138, 196; relation of Mask Being to, 32-33; remote from individual, 62; thanks to, at Annual ceremony, 18, 120, 138, 196; thanks to, at Feast of first fruits, 145; thanks to, in Peyote rite, 190; Thunder Beings ministers of, 29; wampum given by, 122; wampum string symbolizing, 141-142; worship of, at Annual ceremony, 118. See _Pa‛ʹtŭmawas_ _Guardian spirit_, animals as, 49-50, 70, 77, 80; ants as, 78; birds as, 78, 80; buffalo as, 78; chants explanatory of, 66; courage derived from, 78-79; crows as, 69-70; dead as, 54, 71-72; ducks as, 67-69, 140; elements as, 77; fish as, 78; given by Great Spirit, 80, 121; given in visions, 65-66, 194-195; Mask Being as, 69, 151, 197; moon as, 78; Mother Corn as, 70; owl as, 78; periodic ceremonies of, 199; prayer to, in sweathouse, 123-124; serpent as, 78; sun as, 76, 78; supernatural helpers as, 61-63; Thunder Being as, 74-75; title of Mother Corn, 43; vision of, 174-175. See _Thunder Beings_, _Visions_ _Ha-a-a_, variant of prayer-cry, 108. See _Ho-o-o_ _Hair_, of Mask Being, 33, 158; of Sun, 27; of Tornado, 47 _Halfmoon_, Sun spirit guardian of, 76 _Hank, Eunice_, Naniʹtis given up by, 169 _Happy Hunting Ground_ or Land of Spirits, 20-21, 52-59, 88, 90-92. See _Heaven_ _Head_, bear’s, ceremonial offering of, 173-175; of family, duties of, 117; heads: annointed with red paint, 105; carved on drumsticks, 101, 139-140, 150, 197; dropping of, by Comet, 48-49; stone, of Mask Being, 40-41