353. An extract (Sat-giló, _Hind._, _Punj._; Gul-bél-kásat, _Duk._; Sath-gilló'i, _Kash._, Shíndal-sharuk-arai, _Tam._; Palo, _Beng._; Tippa-satu, _Tel._) prepared by the native doctors, is held in high repute amongst them in _Intermittents, &c._ It is a white floury substance, with a strongly bitter taste. It is, however, often adulterated with, or consists altogether of, gluten of Wheat; its bitterness, therefore, is a good test of its quality. In doses of one to three drachms, it is highly esteemed as a tonic in _Debility after Fevers_, in _Spleen Affections_, &c. Dr. Burton Brown speaks of it as an efficient remedy in _Diseases of the Bladder, especially in Chronic Inflammation of that organ_. 354. +Toddy.+ A saccharine juice obtained by the excision of the spadix, or young flowering branch of the Palmyra, Cocoanut, and other Palms. Séndí, Tári (_Hind._, _Duk._), Kallu (_Tam._), Kallu (_Tel._), Henda (_Can._), Rá (_Cing._), Tu-ak (_Malay_). There are many kinds of _Toddy_ in India, and they are named according to the plants from which they are produced. The names given above are generic. 355. Amongst its other uses _Toddy_ is valuable as the basis of a very useful stimulant application, the _Toddy_ POULTICE, which is to the Indian what the Yeast Poultice is to the European surgeon. It is prepared by adding freshly drawn _Toddy_ to Rice Flour till it has the consistence of a soft poultice and subjecting the mixture in an open vessel to heat over a gentle fire, stirring constantly till fermentation commences, or it "begins to rise," as it is commonly expressed. This, spread on a cloth and applied to the parts, acts as a valuable stimulant application to _Gangrenous or Sloughing Ulcerations_, _Carbuncles_, _Indolent Ulcers_, _&c._ It hastens the separation of the slough and establishes subsequent healthy action. 356. _Toddy_ left exposed to the air rapidly undergoes vinous fermentation, and becomes converted into _Arrack_, one of the most intoxicating drinks of the country. This _Arrack_, subjected to distillation until it has a specific gravity of 0·920, may be employed as Proof Spirit in the preparation of tinctures and other pharmaceutical purposes, and in the formation of cold evaporating lotions (380). 357. +Turmeric.+ The dried root-stock of Curcuma longa, _Linn._ Halad, Haldí (_Hind._, _Duk._, _Punj._), Holodí (_Beng._), Lidar, Gandar-i-lidar, (_Kash._), Manjal (_Tam._), Pasupu (_Tel._), Mannal, Marin-nala (_Mal._), Arishiná (_Can._), Halede (_Mah._), Halad (_Guz._), Kahá (_Cing._), Sanó, Tanún (_Burm._), Kooneit (_Malay_). 358. Turmeric has been employed in the following affections with excellent effects: