359. _In Catarrh, or severe "Cold in the head,"_ the fumes of burning Turmeric inhaled through the nostrils act as a local stimulant or irritant, causing a considerable discharge of mucus from the nasal cavity; this is generally followed by a marked degree of relief to the congestion or fulness often so troublesome in these cases. 360. _In Catarrhal and Purulent Ophthalmia_, especially in that termed "_Country Sore-Eye_," a Decoction of Turmeric (one ounce of the bruised root to 20 ounces of water) proves a very effectual lotion for relieving the burning and moderating the urgency of the symptoms. A piece of soft rag soaked in it should be kept constantly over the affected eye. 361. +Oil of Turpentine.+ The oil obtained by distillation from Pinus palustris. _Lamb._, and other species of Pinus. Gandhá-barójé-ká-tél (_Hind._, _Punj._) Gandhá-férózé-ká-tél, Káfúr-ká-tailam (_Duk._), Kapúrér-tail (_Beng._), Karppúrat-tailam (_Tam._), Karppúra-tailam (_Tel._, _Mal._), Karapúrada-tailá (_Can._), Kápúrácha-tela (_Mah._), Karpúrnu-tél (_Guz._), Kapuru-tel (_Cing._), Piyo-sí (_Burm._), Nimiak Kapor Baroos (_Malay_), Yárí-kanglun-ki-til (_Kash._). 362. Oil of Turpentine is procurable in most large bazaars, but not generally sufficiently pure for internal administration. It answers, however, perfectly well for external or local application, and is most valuable in the preparation of TURPENTINE STUPES or EPITHEMS, which are made in one of the following ways: 1. By steeping a flannel in hot water, as hot as can be borne by the hand, wringing it out dry and sprinkling the surface freely with Oil of Turpentine. 2. By steeping a piece of lint or rag of the required size in Oil of Turpentine, placing it over the affected surface, and immediately applying over it flannel heated before a fire, as hot as can be borne. In either way it acts admirably as a counter-irritant, and in most cases is superior to mustard poultices. It is applicable to all cases of _Internal Inflammations_, _Spasmodic Affections of the Bowels_, _advanced stages of Dysentery and Diarrhœa_, _Obstinate Vomiting_, _Flatulence, and Flatulent Colic_, _Chronic Bronchitis attended with Cough and Difficulty of Breathing_, _Asthma_, _&c._ 363. In some cases, greater benefit is derived from applying these Stupes to a distant point rather than near to the affected part; thus, in _Apoplexy_, _Insensibility_, _Convulsions_, _Delirium_, whether arising in the course of fever or otherwise, they produce the best effects when applied to the feet and to the calves of the legs. _In Cholera_, when applied successively to the abdomen, over the region of the heart, along the spine and to the extremities, they often seem materially to aid other measures in stimulating the system and raising the vital powers. Turpentine friction and turpentine enemas may also be resorted to as aids to other treatment.