Specimens of colored glass, pressed in beautiful forms for brooches,
rings, beads, and similar ornaments, are numerous. Of those of Roman
production many specimens have been found in England. Some of these
were taken from the Roman barrows. In Wales glass rings have been
found; they were vulgarly called "snake stones," from the popular
notion that they were produced by snakes, but were in fact rings used
by the Druids as a charm with which to impose upon the superstitious.
We find, too, that the specific gravity of the specimens referred to
ranges from 2034 to 3400, proving oxide of lead to have been used in
their manufacture; the mean gravity of modern flint-glass being 3200.
From what we gather from the foregoing facts, we are inclined to the
belief that, in fine fancy work, in colors, and in the imitation of
gems, the ancient glass-makers excelled the modern ones. They were also
acquainted with the art of making and using moulds for blown and
pressed glass, and forming what in England is now called patent pillar
glass. All these operations, however, were evidently on a very limited
scale, their views being mainly directed to the production of small but
costly articles. Although in the time of the Roman manufacturers vases
of extra size were made, requiring larger crucibles and furnaces than
those used by the glass-makers of Tyre, yet it is evident that they
produced few articles except such as were held sacred for sepulchral
purposes, or designed for luxury. And while they possessed the
knowledge of the use of moulds to press and blow glass by expansion, it
does not appear that they produced any articles for domestic use. If it
were not thus, some evidences would be found among the various
specimens which have been preserved.
LEGENDS OF THE GLASS-HOUSE, ETC.
Enough has been adduced to show the peculiar estimation in which the
art of glass-making was formerly held, and the privileges conferred on
it by the various governments of Europe.
The art was thus almost invested with an air of romance; and a
manufacture commanding so much attention on the part of the governments
was regarded with a great share of awe and wonder.
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