Shortly after the close of the Revolutionary struggle, we think about
the year 1785, the late Robert Hewes, a well-known citizen of Boston,
made, probably, the first attempt to establish a window-glass
manufactory on this continent. This manufactory was modelled upon the
German system. Mr. Hewes carried his works to the fuel, and erected his
factory in the then forest of New Hampshire. The writer well remembers,
when a boy, hearing Mr. Hewes relate, that when building his
glass-works the tracks of bears were frequently seen in the morning in
and around his works.
From the best information in our possession, we think that to Mr.
Robert Hewes must be conceded the first attempt to establish
window-glass making in the United States, or in the western world. The
aim of Mr. Hewes was doubtless to supply the most important and
necessary article made of glass, and called for by the immediate wants
of the people, viz., window-glass. It ended, however, in disappointment
to the projector, probably from the frequent error of carrying such
works into the interior, to the vicinity of fuel, or from lack of skill
on the part of the workmen.
This attempt was followed, about the year 1787, by Messrs. Whalley,
Hunnewell, and their associates, and by the workmen Plumback and
Cooper, who erected a large factory in Essex Street, Boston (where
Edinboro' Street now is), for the purpose of making the Crown Window
Glass. This was without success, until a German, of the name of Lint,
arrived in the year 1803, and from this period there was great success
in the manufacture, for the State of Massachusetts, to encourage the
manufacture of window-glass, paid the proprietors a bounty on every
table of glass made by them. This was done to counteract the effect of
the bounty paid by England on the exportation of glass from that
kingdom. The State bounty had the effect to encourage the proprietors
and sustain their efforts, so that by perseverance many difficulties
were overcome, and a well-earned reputation supported for the strength
and clearness of their glass; a glass superior to the imported, and
well known throughout the United States as "Boston Window-Glass." This
reputation they steadily sustained, until they made glass in their new
works at South Boston, in the year 1822. Their charter from the State
was highly favorable to the stockholders; among the privileges it
granted an exclusive right to manufacture for fifteen years, and to
manufacture glass without their consent subjected the offender to a
fine of five hundred dollars for each offence. Their capital was exempt
from taxation for five years, and the workmen exempted from military
duty.
From the founding of this establishment may be dated the founding of
all the Crown and Cylinder, Window and Flint Glass-Works in the
Atlantic States. Indeed, this may be considered the fruitful parent
tree of the many branches now so widely spread abroad.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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