_Measurements._—Chang was 5 ft. 2-1/2 in. in height; Eng, 5 ft. 3-1/2 in. When the bodies were laid upon a table Chang’s left side and Eng’s right side were drawn somewhat toward one another. This was most marked in Chang, and gave a greater inclination of his trunk toward his brother’s. (See Figs. 1 and 19.) II. External Appearances of the Band. When the bodies were suspended and placed face to face, it was evident that the congenital position had been secured. All observations were made, as far as was possible, with the bodies in this position. With it the details of structure, it was thought, could be easily understood; without it the subject would be difficult and confused. The “band” was a massive commissure placed between the bodies at the junction of the abdominal and thoracic regions of each. It was broader above than below, and had a circumference of nine inches. It presented four surfaces for examination, an upper, lower, and two lateral surfaces. The _upper_ surface was somewhat flattened in both Chang and Eng. The ensiform cartilage of each body could be felt deflected from the sternum and prolonged into the band. The base of the cartilage in Eng presented a rounded circular eminence, measuring one inch in diameter. There was no corresponding eminence in Chang. The upper aspect of each process could be well defined beneath the skin, the subcutaneous connective tissue being more abundant in Chang than in Eng. The upper surface measured 2-1/2 in. in width at its base towards Eng, and 2-1/3 in. at its base towards Chang. It was 2 in. wide at its middle. [Illustration Figure 2: Fig. 2. The twins in the acquired position (E. R., C. L.), showing band and the primary incisions, _a-b_, _c-d_. From a photograph taken after death at Philadelphia. ] The _lower_ surface was much narrower than the upper. It was marked in the centre, but nearer the anterior than the posterior border, by a linear scar one inch in length, which it was thought answered to the position of the single umbilicus. The skin was adherent at this point, but elsewhere was easily raised in folds. Behind the scar, _i. e._, toward the posterior part of the band, the skin was somewhat corrugated. This portion answered, in position, to Chang’s umbilical pouch.