Report of the naval committee to the House of Representatives, August, 1850, in favor of the establishment of a line of mail steamships to the western coast of Africa, and thence via the Mediterranean to London; designed to promote the emigration of free persons of color from the United States to Liberia: also to increase the steam navy, and to extend the commerce of the United States. : $b With an appendix added by the American Colonization Society.United States. Congress. House. Committee on Naval Affairs
History
Report of the naval committee to the House of Representatives, August, 1850, in favor of the establishment of a line of mail steamships to the western coast of Africa, and thence via the Mediterranean to London; designed to promote the emigration of free persons of color from the United States to Liberia: also to increase the steam navy, and to extend the commerce of the United States. : $b With an appendix added by the American Colonization Society.
United States. Congress. House. Committee on Naval Affairs
African Americans -- Colonization -- Africa; Mail steamers -- United States
The interior settlements of the purchased tracts usually extend from
about 10 to 30 miles from the coast, and can easily be enlarged by
purchase in that direction at a moderate amount. In no instance have the
natives from whom the land was purchased been required to remove their
residences. The land in the immediate vicinity of the ocean in Liberia
is generally low, and in some places marshy; but there are some elevated
spots. The land generally becomes more elevated towards the interior; and
in some places, within 50 miles of the coast, it is quite mountainous.
It is desirable for the colony to become possessed of this back country
as it is much healthier than the coast, and when the emigration from
the United States becomes extensive, the mountain region will soon be
occupied. The natives are a fine, healthy, athletic race; and even the
emigrants to the lands on the coast have enjoyed better health than
the emigrants to some of our western States in the first few years of
settlement.
Liberia is on the “grain coast,” and is protected from the scorching
winds of the north and east by ranges of mountains. The soil is fertile,
and produces an abundance of Indian corn, yams, plantains, coffee,
arrow-root, indigo, dyewoods, &c.
Every emigrant is welcomed to the colony, and receives a grant of 5 acres
of land, besides which he can purchase as much more as he pleases at 1
dollar per acre.
The climate is not suited to the whites. The president and all the
officials are colored men. There are flourishing towns, churches,
schools, and printing presses. According to the statement of the Rev. R.
R. Gurley, who has recently visited the colony, the people are highly
moral, well conducted, and prosperous, and the value of the exports of
the Republic is at present 500,000 dollars per annum, and is increasing
at the rate of 50 per cent. annually.
Not only will the slave trade be abolished by the establishment of
colonies of free colored people on the coast of Africa, but, as already
intimated, these colonies will be the means, at no distant period, of
disseminating civilization and Christianity throughout the whole of that
continent. Already, a great many of the natives have placed themselves
under the protection of the Liberians, whose knowledge of agriculture and
the arts inspires confidence and respect.
As a missionary enterprise, therefore, the colonization of Africa by the
descendants of Africans on this continent, deserves, and no doubt will
receive, the countenance and support of the whole Christian world.
Two points are now regarded, both in Europe and in this country, as
settled truths, viz: 1st. That the planting and building up of Christian
colonies on the coast of Africa, is the only practical remedy for the
slave trade. 2d. That colored men only can with safety settle upon the
African coast.
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