Freed persons; Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877); Southern States -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950
None but the helpless and infirm and sick have been fed at the expense
of the government, and these only in cases of absolute necessity. Many
planters who abandoned their homes on the Mississippi and carried away
their slaves to Texas have returned to this city, and with a coolness
amounting to audacity have demanded transportation for their former
slaves to various points from the mouth of the Red river to Lake
Providence. Finding that the officers of the government would not oblige
them in this particular, they left behind the aged and infirm to provide
for themselves as best they could. This and the abuses on plantations
have caused the principal suffering among the freedmen, and have brought
many to the city who otherwise would have remained upon the plantation,
but, all things being considered, comparatively few have congregated
about town. There has been such a demand for day labor in the city that I
have deemed it a false philanthropy to feed those who temporarily sought
refuge from oppression.
The permanent residents are orderly and industrious, and desire very much
to have schools established for their children. I cannot here refrain
from mentioning the fact that the presence of negroes in town possessing
free papers is extremely disagreeable to the citizens.
The tax collected of planters has thus far been sufficient to defray
office and printing expenses. The hire of a surgeon and nurses for the
hospital, amounting in July to $204.46, is the only bill which it is
necessary to refer to you for payment. All the property and money which
has come into my hands on account of the bureau has been accounted for to
the proper departments, according to regulations.
By Special Orders No. 140, dated at headquarters northern division of
Louisiana, June 21, 1865, Chaplain Thomas Callahan, 48th United States
colored infantry, was assigned to duty with me as my assistant, and he
has had charge of the department of complaints. He is a very capable and
efficient officer, and his services are very valuable to the bureau.
Again, I have occasion to return acknowledgments to Brigadier General
J.C. Veatch for his cordial assistance in aiding me to carry out the
measures of the bureau, and also to Colonel Crandal and Lieutenant
Colonel McLaughlin, post commandants, for valuable aid; and to Brevet
Major General J.P. Hawkins we are indebted for that which makes the
colored man in reality a _free_ man.
Believing that with proper management and kind treatment the freedmen in
western Louisiana will be found to be as industrious as laborers in other
sections of the country,
I have the honor to be, with much respect, your obedient servant,
W.B. STICKNEY,
_Lieutenant and Assistant Superintendent Freedmen_.
THOMAS W. CONWAY,
_Assistant Commissioner Bureau of Freedmen. &c._
No. 33.
FREEDMEN'S BUREAU,
_Shreveport, Louisiana, August_ 26, 1865.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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