Freed persons; Reconstruction (U.S. history, 1865-1877); Southern States -- Politics and government -- 1865-1950
8. The life of a northern man who is true to his country and the spirit
and genius of its institutions, and frankly enunciates his principles, is
not secure where there is not a military force to protect him.
About the 15th of July Corporal J.M. Wallace, of company B, forty-seventh
Indiana Veteran volunteer infantry, was on duty with this bureau, and
engaged in making contracts upon Red river, in the parish of Caddo. He
visited Mr. Daniel's plantation, and, as it is stated, started for Mr.
White's place, but never reached it. Being absent unaccountably, a
sergeant and a detail of four men were sent to look him up, but could
find no trace of him. Without doubt he was murdered. He was a young man
of unexceptionable habits and character, and was highly esteemed by the
officers of his regiment. The circumstances of the case are such as to
lead to the belief that the planters in the vicinity connived at his
death. Captain Hoke, another agent of the bureau, was stopped by a
highwayman within eight miles of Shreveport. One of my assistants reports
as follows: "In the northern part of this parish (Cuddo) there are men
armed and banded to resist the law." These facts prove that the presence
of a military force is needed in every parish. Instead of the present
system of districts, I would recommend that the officer for each parish
report direct to headquarters at New Orleans for instructions, and that
each officer be furnished with at least twenty men, ten of whom should be
mounted. I apprehend that at the commencement of the next year the
planters will endeavor to load us down with the aged and infirm, and
those with large families. To meet this and other difficulties that
may arise, I recommend that at least five thousand acres of land be
confiscated in every parish, and an opportunity given the freedmen to
rent or purchase the land, and that every facility be afforded planters
in the lower part of the State to obtain laborers from western Louisiana.
Another remedy has been suggested, and as it meets with my approval I
quote the recommendations of the officer in his own words: "Let the white
troops on duty in this department be mustered out; they are greatly
dissatisfied with remaining in the service after the close of the war;
let black troops be mustered in their stead. In urging this matter, I
suggest that the government has the first right to the services of the
freedmen, and he needs the discipline of the army to develop his manhood
and self-reliance. Such a course of recruiting black soldiers will act
as a powerful restraint upon the abuses practiced by the planters on
the freedmen, and will also compel the payment of better wages. If the
planter wishes the services of a shrewd, enterprising freedman, he
must out-bid the government. Lastly, the country needs the soldiers.
Politicians may say what they may; western Louisiana is no more loyal
now than when the State adopted the ordinance of secession."
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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