Report on the geology of the Henry MountainsGilbert, Grove Karl
Science
Report on the geology of the Henry Mountains
Gilbert, Grove Karl
Geology -- Utah -- Henry Mountains; Intrusions (Geology) -- Utah -- Henry Mountains
The engraving of Mount Hillers (Figure 27) exhibits the south face with
its revet-crags and bold spurs of trap. In nature the effect is
heightened by the contrast of color, the bright red revetments being
strongly relieved against the dark gray of the laccolite. The strata of
the summits cannot be discriminated at a distance. They are too near the
laccolite in hardness to differ from it in the style of their sculpture.
Of the minor laccolites of the cluster there are three so closely joined
to the chief that they merge topographically with the mountain. They are
not well exposed for study. The smallest, which overlooks the pass
between Mount Hillers and Mount Pennell (A, Figure 28) has probably lost
the whole of its cover and with it so much of its substance that the
original form and surface cannot be seen. Its floor is probably the
Tununk sandstone. East of it and lying a little deeper in the Cretaceous
series is a second laccolite (B), broader, lower, and less eroded. The
third (C) joins the great one on the northeast, and is so closely united
that it was at first supposed to be the same body. Later examinations
have shown, however, that its immediate roof is the Henry’s Fork
conglomerate, and its horizon is thus established as more than two
thousand feet above that of its great companion.
[Illustration:
FIG. 30.—The Steward Laccolite.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 28.—Diagram of the Hillers Cluster of Laccolites; Ground plan.
]
[Illustration:
FIG. 29.—Diagram of the Hillers Cluster of Laccolites; Elevation.
The upper horizontal line marks the base of the Cretaceous; the
middle, the base of
the Jura-Trias; the lower, the level of the sea.
]
The _Steward laccolite_ (Figure 30) is better exposed for study. It was
buried in the soft bad-land sandstone of the Flaming Gorge Group, and
its matrix has been so far washed away that nearly the whole body of
trap is revealed. It is weathered out, like a chert-nodule on the face
of a block of limestone. At one end it is bared quite to the base, and
the sandstone floor on which it rests is brought in sight. The waste of
the sandstone has undermined its edge, and a small portion of the
laccolite has fallen away. Near the opposite end a fragment of its cover
of arching sandstone survives—just enough to indicate that the
sedimentaries were once bent over it, and that the smooth low-arching
surface which now crowns it portrays the original form which the molten
lava assumed. The laccolite is about two and a half miles long and one
and one-half broad. The height of its eastward face, where it is sapped
by the erosion of the bad-land rock, is six hundred feet, and the
central depth must be more than eight hundred feet.
[Illustration:
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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