The winter of 1881-82 has been remarkable for its high temperature, no
such uniformly mild season having occurred for many years in England.
The same has been the case over the whole of Northern Europe north of
latitude 50° N. As might be expected, so exceptional a season has not
been without its effect upon our immigrants. Fieldfares have crossed
in very limited numbers, and have everywhere been remarkably scarce
in localities along our east coast. Large numbers of birds which
regularly arrive in the autumn, as the Greenfinch, Chaffinch, Tree
Sparrow, Snow Bunting, and others, and which remain for a few days only
and then pass on, have this winter continued for many weeks, and even
months, resorting in immense flocks to the stubble-fields near the
coast, where, with no severe weather to drive them away, they found an
inexhaustible supply of food in the large quantity of grain dashed out
in harvest-time by the great gale from S.W. to W. on August 26th. Snow
Buntings have been considerably in excess of anything known for many
years, the proportion of old birds not more than one in a hundred.
Another consequence of the mildness of the winter is the desultory
fashion in which birds have migrated; there have been less of those
great "rushes," when for days together one species after another
rush helter-skelter on to our coast. Migration has also been greatly
prolonged, and the latest returns received show Rooks, Starlings, and
Larks still crossing the North Sea in February. The last week in August
and first in September Wheatears and Redstarts passed as usual up the
coast from N. to S., the line of migration being confined to the chain
of sandhills. Also during the first week of September, and again about
the 20th, there was an immense migration of the _Sylviinæ_ in the same
direction. Migration appears to have reached its climax on or about
Sept. 22nd, an enormous number of various immigrants coming in from
this time to the end of the month. Not the least remarkable was the
influx of the larger raptorial birds crossing Heligoland on Sept. 22nd
and two following days, and were about the same period seen along the
entire range of our eastern coast. From this date to the end of October
ten Ospreys were procured from localities contiguous to the east coast
of England, between the Tyne and the Thames. Again, the third week
of October there was another large immigration of birds of various
species. On the night of Oct. 24th great numbers of Mealy Redpoles
came in on the Holderness coast; the same flight was also traceable as
far north as the Farne Islands; the Mealy Redpoles appear to have been
accompanied or closely followed by a flight of Siskins. Hooded Crows
came with their usual regularity, almost to a day; this autumn the
great flight crossed Heligoland on the afternoon of Oct. 17th, and on
the 18th. There was a corresponding arrival along the whole of our east
coast on the night of 17th or early morning of 18th, and on the 19th.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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