The detailed statements which we received from the Boards of Guardians, and the Union medical officers, were too voluminous for insertion at length in the present Report; but we have caused them to be carefully examined, and some of the most important results which they contained have been extracted in the manner which we shall presently explain. It will be observed that the inquiry which we were directed by Lord John Russell to make, in accordance with the address of the House of Lords, was limited to England and Wales. Subsequently, however, we received instructions from the Marquis of Normanby, dated 28th January, 1840, directing us to extend our inquiries to the causes of disease and destitution amongst the working classes in Scotland. On the receipt of these instructions, we caused a circular letter to the medical practitioners to be sent to the provosts of all the Scotch burghs, with a request that they would put us in communication with the officers of the medical charities and establishments within their jurisdiction. In the same letter we stated fully the objects of the inquiry, and requested to be informed as to the general state of the main sewers, drainage, &c., of the several towns. (Appendix, Nos. 4 and 5.) In Scotland, with a few exceptions, none of the medical profession are engaged in the public service as medical officers; and we were therefore compelled to rely on the exertions of the private medical practitioners, from whom we received extensive, zealous, and efficient aid. The President of the College of Surgeons of Edinburgh communicated to us a resolution passed by that body, recommending that all members and licentiates of the college should give every aid in their power to the inquiry into the sanitary condition of the poor. We directed additional queries to be issued to the members of the college, from some of whom we received information similar to that obtained from the medical officers in England. With respect to the sanitary state of towns and districts in Scotland, we subjoin the following reports from medical gentlemen:— A report from Dr. Arnott upon Edinburgh and Glasgow: One report from Dr. Scott Alison on the sanitary condition of the colliery population of Tranent, and the adjacent districts: One report on the condition of the labouring population of Musselburgh from Mr. Stevenson, surgeon: One report on the condition of the labouring population of Ayr from Dr. Sym: One on the condition of the labouring population, Stirling, from Mr. W. H. Forrest, surgeon: One on the condition of the labouring population in Dumfries, from Dr. M’Lellan: One on the sanitary condition of the poor of Aberdeen, by Drs. Kilgour and Galen: One on the sanitary condition of the town of Lanark, by Mr. John Gibson, surgeon: One on the sanitary condition of the city of St. Andrews, by Mr. Adamson, surgeon: