[8] This check at least seems indispensable, for the reason above given, that a professional diploma is the only criterion by which the public can measure professional competence; and for the validity of such a criterion, it therefore, I think, becomes the duty of a government, on behalf of the public, to provide. For anything beyond this (except in one particular case) the matter might take its natural course. No law can supersede a necessity for common sense in the subject; and medicine, I think, requires no _protection_. Let my neighbour, by all means, if he desire it, send for a green-grocer to reduce his dislocation or assuage his gout! and let him take the consequences of his folly, in a spoilt limb or in a hair’s breadth escape with his life. Only--let the green-grocer be punishable, if he seek this office under false pretences, calling himself by any title which implies a professional qualification. And, for what harm he may do--let him of course (as would, if necessary, the presidents of our colleges) be prepared to abide before judge and jury his trial for malpractice. But, in strict adhesion to the principle I have professed, that protection is wanted, not for the profession, but for the public, I would suggest one exception to what otherwise might be universal free-trade in medicine. I refer to the case of druggists; who, whenever the Legislature may awake to the necessity of regulating their trade, ought, I think, to be expressly prohibited from the treatment of disease. To an immense majority of our population--to all the under-educated classes, the druggist’s shop appears an emporium for medical skill, as well as for medical appliances. They probably have some vague overestimate of our art of healing, and think perhaps that the several bottles on the shelf correspond to the several ailments they can specifically cure. They ask for something “good for a dropsy,” or “good for a wasting,” or “good for a palpitation;” not knowing how much skill may be requisite to interpret the symptom; not knowing that, to our highest skill, there is no medicine thus indiscriminately, or even generally, “good.” At present almost universally, druggists, with no medical qualification, are tampering more or less with serious medical responsibilities; and the mischief thus occasioned--especially among the poorer classes, is a matter of notoriety, on which persons engaged in hospital practice would be competent and tolerably impartial witnesses. It is because this evil arises in the _almost inevitable ignorance_ of those who chiefly suffer from it, that, in accordance with the principle above suggested, I think it deserves consideration from the Legislature.