Research methods in ecologyClements, Frederic E. (Frederic Edward)
Science
Research methods in ecology
Clements, Frederic E. (Frederic Edward)
Plant ecology; Plant ecology -- Methodology
=142. The amplitude of all the curves= described above is determined by
the unit values of the factors concerned, while the length is dependent
upon the number of stations, points, or times. The value assigned the
latter upon the plotting paper is purely arbitrary, but it is most
convenient to fix this at the centimeter square. The unit value for
temperature is 1° Centigrade per square, each subdivision of the latter
representing 0.2, and the range being 22 degrees. For water-content
curves, each square represents a value of 2 per cent, the smaller square
being 0.4 per cent, and the range 2–48 per cent. The unit value for
humidity is taken as 5 per cent, making each small square 1 per cent,
and giving room on the sheet for the entire range from 1–100 per cent.
Owing to the anemometer used, curves of wind velocity have been based
upon the number of feet per minute. One hundred feet is taken as the
unit value, and the range is from 0–2200 feet. The unit value for the
curve of light intensity is .005. Each small square is .001, which
permits a range from .001 to .01 on one sheet. Consequently, when it is
desired to plot the curve of a series of habitats with a range in
intensity greater than this it is necessary to use a double sheet. This
is the usual device when the range of curves is too great, except where
the excess is slight. In this case the curve is left open at the top,
and the value which the crest attains is indicated. All curves in
combination are labeled at the beginning or left to indicate the level,
station, or point, and at the end or right to show the time, or day, if
this is not the basis of the curve or series.
The discussion that precedes deals exclusively with curves representing
factors determined in the field. It applies with equal force to results
obtained by instruments in control houses. In these, however, all
factors except those directly experimented with, usually water-content
and light, are practically equalized, and the curves based upon them are
used chiefly to show how nearly equal they have become. The important
curves are those of the water-content series, both holard and chresard,
and of the shade tents. Where several houses are differentiated with
respect to temperature or humidity, curve series of both these factors
are necessary.
_Factor Means and Sums_
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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