1 mol celloxin: {2 mol. cellulose on 6 hours' heating {3 mol. cellulose on 3 hours' heating with a ratio H : O = 1 : 9 and 1 : 8.7 respectively: they yielded 7 p.ct. furfural. B. _By action of bromine in presence of water and_ CaCO_{3} _upon cotton_.--Yield, (air-dry) 85 p.ct. Empirical composition C_{12}H_{20}O_{11} = C_{6}H_{10}O_{5}.C_{6}H_{10}O_{6}: yielded furfural 1.7 p.ct. C. _Cotton and nitric acid at_ 100 deg., two and a half hours (Cross and Bevan).--Yield, 70 p.ct. Composition 4 C_{6}H_{10}O_{5}.C_{6}H_{8}O_{6} yielded furfural 2.3 p.ct. D. _Cotton and nitric acid at_ 100 deg. (four hours).--A more highly oxidised product resulted, viz. 3 C_{6}H_{10}O_{5}.C_{6}H_{8}O_{6}: yielded furfural 3.2 p.ct. _By-products of oxidation._--The liquors from B were found to contain saccharic acid: the acid from C and B contained a dibasic acid which appeared to be tartaric acid. The isolation of (1) isosaccharinic and (2) dioxybutyric acid from the products of digestion of the oxycelluloses with lime-milk at 100 deg. was effected by the separation of their respective calcium salts, (1) by direct crystallisation, (2) by precipitation alcohol after separation of the former. CELLULOSES, HYDRO- AND OXYCELLULOSES, AND CELLULOSE ESTERS. L. VIGNON (Bull. Soc. Chim., 1901 [3], 25, 130). (a) _Oxycelluloses from cotton, hemp, flax, and ramie._--The comparative oxidation of these celluloses, by treatment with HClO_{3} at 100 deg., gave remarkably uniform results, as shown by the following numbers, showing extreme variations: yields, 68-70 p.ct.; hydrazine reaction, N fixed 1.58-1.69; fixation of basic colouring matters (relative numbers), saffranine, 100-200, methylene blue, 100-106. The only points of difference noted were (1) hemp is somewhat more resistant to the acid oxidation; (2) the cotton oxycellulose shows a somewhat higher (25 p.ct.) cupric reduction. (b) _'Saccharification' of cellulose, cellulose hydrates, and hydrocellulose._--The products were digested with dilute hydrochloric acid six hours at 100 deg., and the cupric reduction of the soluble products determined and calculated to dextrose. 100 grms. of gave reducing products equal to Dextrose Purified cotton 3.29 " Hydrocellulose 9.70 Cotton mercerised (NaOH 30 deg. B.) 4.39 Cotton mercerised (NaOH 40 deg. B.) 3.51 Cellulose reprecipitated from cuprammonium 4.39 Oxycellulose 14.70 Starch 98.6