Richard III: His Life & Character, Reviewed in the Light of Recent ResearchMarkham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
History
Richard III: His Life & Character, Reviewed in the Light of Recent Research
Markham, Clements R. (Clements Robert), Sir
Great Britain -- Kings and rulers -- Biography; Richard III, King of England, 1452-1485
Richard's services in Flanders, and especially in fitting out the
expedition, secured for him the full confidence of his brother. The
ships had to be equipped very secretly and with great care. The
Duchess Margaret had procured a grant of 15,000 florins, and permission
to get ready four ships of Flanders and thirteen {44} hired
Easterlings[8] which were to be at Edward's service until he should
land in England, and for fifteen days afterwards. The next step was
the selection of a seaport where the expedition could be quietly fitted
out. The Lord of Gruthuus again proved a friend in need. He had
married Margaret, the sister of Henry van Borselle, Lord of the island
of Walcheren. The traditions of the family of Borselle were adverse to
the House of Lancaster, for Francis van Borselle was the lover, and
eventually the husband, of that unfortunate Jacoba of Holland who was
treated so shamefully by Humphrey Duke of Gloucester. The excellent
ports of Veere and Flushing were, therefore, placed at Edward's
disposal.
The expedition was fitted out in the port of Veere, under the
protection of Henry van Borselle. Besides the King and young Richard,
Lords Hastings, Rivers, and Saye were the principal leaders. The
expeditionary force consisted of 900 men, in addition to the crews of
the ships. A select body of 300 Flemish gunners, armed with hand-guns,
formed part of the little army; and this is nearly the first time that
these new weapons are mentioned in English warfare. The men carried
slow matches, and are called 'smoky gunners' by Fabyan. Richard
actively helped in the preparation of this daring little expedition at
Veere; for by this time the King had learned to appreciate his
brother's remarkable ability and fitness for command.
By the end of February 1471, the ships were ready. They were brought
down the Channel from Veere to Flushing and the troops were embarked.
{45} But they had to wait nine days in Flushing Roads for a fair wind,
and it was not until Monday, March 11, that the gallant adventurers
sailed for the Norfolk coast. Edward was in one ship with Lord
Hastings, while his brother had a separate command in another vessel,
each being followed by a squadron of transports. It is probable that
the exiled King shaped a course for the coast of Norfolk in the hope
that the influence of the Duke, who was faithful to his cause, would
ensure him a cordial reception. But he was disappointed. Two knights,
named Sir Robert Chamberlain and Sir Gilbert Debenham, went on shore at
Cromer and found the country occupied by Warwick's adherents. Edward,
therefore, steered for Yorkshire, and encountered a gale of wind which
lasted from March 12 to 14, scattering his little squadron. When
Edward and Hastings anchored off Ravenspur,[9] on the Holderness coast,
no other vessel was in sight. The King landed and burnt his ship,
resolved to regain his crown or perish in the attempt.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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