[148] “Tals me plevi sa fe No feses plait sens me,” _ib._ ll. 39-40. Obviously this “pledging of faith” could not apply to Bertrand alone. Nor was he the only one towards whom it was broken, as we shall see. [149] Cf. “Pois Ventadorn,” ll. 1-3, with “Ges no mi desconort,” ll. 18-25. [150] _Razo_ of “Un sirventes cui motz no falh,” Thomas, 7. Bertrand himself mentions some of these lesser barons in “Pois Ventadorn,” ll. 2, 9, 10. [151] “Pois Ventadorn,” ll. 17-30. [152] _Gesta_, i. 197. [153] G. Vigeois, 324. [154] He was there in February or March 1181, and again in May and on June 24, 1182; _ib._ 326, 330. [155] “Pois Ventadorn,” l. 4. [156] G. Vigeois, 330, 331. [157] _Ib._, 320. [158] “Quod protinus adimpletur,” says G. Vigeois, 326. [159] See the last six lines of “Pois Ventadorn,” with the note of M. Thomas, _B. de Born_, 15. I venture to think M. Thomas is mistaken in assuming that “Talhafer” represents either Elias or William. We know from John’s treaty with Philip in 1193 that at some time or other Aimar had done homage to Philip (“Comes Engolismensis tenebit terram suam a Rege Franciae, illam scilicet de qua fecit se hominem [illius?]; a me,” _i. e._ John, “vero tenebit aliam terram quam a me debet tenere,” _Fœdera_ I. i. 57); there is nothing to show that he was the youngest of the family; it seems more likely that he was the next to Vulgrin in age, and therefore, if Maud’s claim was to be ruled out, next to Vulgrin also in the line of succession. [160] G. Vigeois, 331. [161] The district in which Clairvaux stood—the Loudunais—had originally belonged to Poitou; it was annexed to Anjou towards the end of the tenth century by Geoffrey Greygown, who held it under homage to the Poitevin Count William III. This homage became obsolete after Geoffrey Martel’s victory over William VIII in 1033. Richard may possibly have had some idea of reviving the Poitevin claim to the overlordship of the Loudunais; but it is more likely that he simply did not know, and did not care to ascertain, exactly where the frontier line ran. [162] “Pois Ventadorn,” ll. 33-40. [163] _Gesta_, i. 294; R. Diceto, ii. 18, where young Henry is made to say that Richard fortified Clairvaux “contra suam” (_i. e._ young Henry’s) “voluntatem.” [164] G. Vigeois, 332; Bern. Itier, a. 1182. [165] G. Vigeois, 332—“Olivarus frater Petri vicecomitis de Castellone,” _i. e._ Castillon in Périgord. A month earlier Aimar of Limoges had taken and destroyed the “Burgum S. Germani”; _ib._ Probably this means S. Germain-les-Belles, near Limoges, and Aimar was merely chastising a vassal of his own; at any rate there is nothing to imply that the matter concerned Richard in any way. [166] Cf. “Ges de disnar,” ll. 27, 28, and “Chazutz sui,” ll. 29-31. [167] “Chazutz sui,” ll. 25-36. [168] “Ges de disnar,” ll. 27, 28.