Rig Veda Americanus: Sacred Songs of the Ancient Mexicans, With a Gloss in Nahuatl
Religion
Rig Veda Americanus: Sacred Songs of the Ancient Mexicans, With a Gloss in Nahuatl
Nahuatl poetry
In default of a Gloss to this hymn, the indispensable Sahagun again
comes to our aid. He informs us in the Appendix to the second book of
his _Historia_ that "When the Indians celebrated the festival called
_atamalqualiztli_, which took place every eight years, certain natives
called Mazateca swallowed living serpents and frogs, and received
garments as a recompense for their daring." We are not informed as to
the purpose of the festival, and its name, which signifies "eating
bread made with water," is merely that of one of the regular systems of
fasting in vogue in ancient Mexico. (See Sahagun, Lib. III., cap. 8.)
The song before us appears to be a recitation calling on a number of the
Nahua divinities.
1. "The flower in my heart" is a metaphorical expression for song.
2. _Tonan_, "Our Mother"; _Tlazolteotl_, the goddess of lascivious
love, _Venus impudica_. The verb _yecoa_ appears to have its early
signification, expressing carnal connection.
3. _Centeotl_, god of maize and fertility.
8. The flowers referred to are the youths and maidens who die young.
9. The house of the ball player is the tomb.
11. This verse is very obscure and is obviously corrupt. It contains
the only Spanish word in the text of these hymns--_obispo_--a word
including two letters, _b_ and _s_, not in the Nahuatl alphabet.
12. The woman referred to is Xochiquetzal. See Hymn IX.
[Illustration: PRIEST OF XIPPE TOTEC, DRINKING AND PLAYING ON A DRUM.
HYMN XV.]
XV. _Xippe icuic, Totec, yoallauana._
1. Yoalli tlauana, iztleican nimonenequia xiyaqui mitlatia
teocuitlaquemitl, xicmoquenti quetlauia.
2. Noteua chalchimamatlaco, apana, y temoya ay quetzallaueuetl, ay
quetzalxiuicoatl, nechiya iqui nocauhquetl, ouiya.
3. Maniyauia, nia nia poliuiz, ni yoatzin achalchiuhtla noyollo,
ateucuitlatl nocoyaitaz, noyolceuizqui tlacatl achtoquetl tlaquauaya,
otlacatqui yautlatoaquetl ouiya.
4. Noteua ce in tlaco xayailiuiz conoa y yoatzin motepeyocpa
mitzualitta moteua, noyolceuizquin tlacatl achtoquetl tlaquauaya,
otlacatqui yautlatoaquetl, ouiya.
_Var._ 1. Quetloujia. 2. Noteuhoa chalchimmama tlacoapana itemoia. 3.
Achalchiuhtla. 4. Centlaco, mitzualitla.
_Gloss._
1. _Q.n._, yn ti yoallauana, ti xipe, totec, tleica in ti monequi in
timocuma, in timotlatia, _id est_, tleica in amo quiauiteocuitlaquemitl,
xicmoquenti, _q.n._, ma quiaui, ma ualauh yn atl.
2. _Q.n._, yn ti noteuh, otemoc in mauhoualla yn mauh; ay quetzalla
ueuetl, _id est_, ye tlaquetzalpatia ye tlaxoxouia, ye xopantla. Ay
quetzal xiuhcoatl nechia iqui no cauhquetl, _id est_, ca ye otechcauh yn
mayanaliztli.
3. _Q.n._, ma mauh, ma nipoliui yn ni yoatzin, _id est_, in catleuatl,
yuhquin chalchiuitl noyollo. A teocuitlatl nocoyaitaz, _q.n._, in
catleuatl achtomochiuaz ninoyolceuiz.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
Rig Veda Americanus: Sacred Songs of the Ancient Mexicans, With a Gloss in Nahuatl — John Shaqi
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