the altered form was, "Such ornaments of the Church, _and of the ministers thereof_, at all times of their ministrations, _shall be retained, and be in use_, as were in this Church of England in the second year," &c.; omitting only the mention of the Act of Parliament. It will be observed, that in lieu of "ornaments of the _Church_," which might have seemed to be irrespective of vestments, was now substituted "ornaments of the Church, _and of the ministers_ thereof." And again, compare the words "shall be retained, and be in use" with "shall use." In truth, the new rubric is a citation from the Act of Elizabeth, only omitting the limitation "until such time, &c.," and it cannot be taken as expressing less than a real desire and earnest hope, on the part of our latest revisers, that the original Edwardian "ornaments" might really be used; that they should--gradually, perhaps, but really--supersede, in the case of the Communion Service, the prevalent surplice. If it be asked, how it came to pass that the surplice had superseded the proper eucharistic vestments prescribed by Elizabeth's rubric? we can only answer, that the prevailing tendency during her reign was decidedly in favour of simpler ways in the matter of ritual; and that, the _Second_ Book of Edward VI. (1552), having distinctly _forbidden_ those vestments by the words, "the minister at the time of the Communion, and at all other times of his ministration, _shall use neither alb, vestment, nor cope_, but, being a bishop, a rochet; and being a priest or deacon, he shall _have and wear_ a surplice only:" the Elizabethan clergy would, owing to the reaction after Queen Mary's reign, be inclined to recur to that position rather than to retain the other vestments. Some, indeed, _did_ retain them, as appears by allusions to them as in use in the beginning of Elizabeth's reign;[25] but, as a general rule, their use was discouraged, and apparently put down. "For the disuse of these ornaments we may thank them that came from Geneva, and, in the beginning of Queen Elizabeth's reign, being set in places of government, suffered every negligent priest to do as he listed." (Bishop Overall.)[26] [25] See note M, p. 49, of Mr. Skinner's recent 'Plea for the threatened Ritual of the Church of England.' [26] Skinner, p. 48. Archbishop Grindal, and Bishop Sandys (1571-76) urged their destruction.