1. Preliminary Remarks 102 2. General Design of a Weir 105 3. Weirs on Sandy or Porous Soil 106 4. Various Types of Weirs 111 5. Weirs with Sluices 115 6. Falling Shutters 121 7. Adjustable Weirs 126 8. Remarks on Sluices 128 CHAPTER XI BRIDGES AND SYPHONS 1. Bridges 132 2. Syphons and Culverts 135 3. Training Works 136 CHAPTER XII DRAINAGE AND FLOODS 1. Preliminary Remarks 141 2. Small Streams 141 3. Rivers 146 4. Prediction of Floods 150 5. Prevention of Floods 153 6. Lowering the Water-Level 154 7. Flood Embankments 156 CHAPTER XIII RESERVOIRS AND DAMS 1. Reservoirs 162 2. Capacity of Reservoirs 167 3. Earthen Dams 174 4. Masonry Dams 181 CHAPTER XIV TIDAL WATERS AND WORKS 1. Tides 190 2. Tidal Rivers 192 3. Works in Tidal Rivers 196 4. Tidal Estuaries 197 5. Works in Tidal Estuaries 198 CHAPTER XV RIVER BARS 1. Deltaic Rivers 203 2. Other Rivers 205 APPENDIX A. Fallacies in the Hydraulics of Streams 209 ” B. Pitching and Bed Protection 212 INDEX 213 PREFACE The object of this book is to describe the principles and practice adopted in the Engineering of Open Streams. If the book seems to be somewhat small for its object, it will, it is hoped, be found that this is due to care in the arrangement and wording.