Robert Fulton and the SubmarineParsons, William Barclay
History
Robert Fulton and the Submarine
Parsons, William Barclay
Fulton, Robert, 1765-1815; Submarines (Ships)
Fulton arrived in London on the 19th of May. Addington had been
displaced by Pitt in the control of the government a few days before.
Lord Hawkesbury, though no longer in charge of Foreign Affairs,
continued in office, holding the portfolio of the Home Office in the new
cabinet. In spite of his change of status, Fulton would naturally call
on him as the only official with whom he was acquainted. In his note
book, in which he copied in neat hand the letter of Lord Hawkesbury that
the agent “Mr. Smith” had handed him in Paris, he writes at the bottom
of the copy of the letter, “I had an interview with Mr. Hammond on the
21 when he desired me to give in proposals they were as follows.”
From this juxtaposition of names it is fair to assume that to Lord
Hawkesbury he gave the name of Hammond. Fulton was fond of doing such
things. His own attempt at personal disguise under the name of Francis
was very thin. The coincidence that his real and temporarily assumed
names began with the same letter will be noted. So do Hawkesbury and
Hammond. The letters to “Mr. Hammond” are letters that would be written
only to one who was high in authority. It was not in accordance with
Fulton’s character to send such communications as are the Hammond
letters to a subordinate. In “Mr. Hammond” can be seen Lord Hawkesbury
who had just been made a peer in his own right and was Pitt’s leader in
the House of Lords. This identification of “Mr. Hammond” will be borne
in mind in connection with several letters given on pages 96 et seq. as
well as those immediately below containing the proposals promised on May
21st.
London May the 22d 1804
Proposals for the examination of a System of Submarine navigation,
Having been invited to London by the late Administration to
demonstrate the practicability of navigating under water and attacking
and destroying ships of war by submarine operations I propose that
government name a commission as they think proper to examine the
following principles and give their decision for or against each
article, which commission Should be composed of at least two able
mechanecians and one Chymest,—
Then follows matter describing the plunging vessel almost verbatim with
that given in the “Descriptions,” beginning with First principle on page
56 down to and including the demand for £100,000 on page 59, after which
the proposals continue as follows:
What plans government may have in View to draw the power of Bounapart
into governable limits Secure perminant peace and forever remove all
Ideas from the Side of France I do not pretend to Conjecture.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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