The reflective mind of Brusque had already suggested the necessity
of adopting some system of government, for even this small colony he
knew could not get along without it. Under the pressure of calamity or
emergency, a spirit of mutual accommodation might exist, and for a time
might enable the little society to proceed without disturbance. But
he foresaw that a state of quiet and comfort would bring occasions of
discontent and disorder, which must result in violence, if all could
not be subjected to the sway of some just system of laws. These views
he suggested to the captain of the vessel, to Emilie’s father, and to
several others. It was at length agreed by some of the principal men
that the people should be assembled, and the adoption of a form of
government be proposed. This was done, and Brusque, the captain, and
Emilie’s father were appointed a committee to draw up a constitution.
They attended to this duty, and in a few days the people were called
together to hear the report of the committee.
Brusque proceeded to read the document, and then he made some remarks
in explanation of it. He said that the plan of a constitution which
had just been read was partly copied from that of the United States of
America--a nation which had recently arisen among mankind, and promised
soon to be the most flourishing and happy people upon the face of the
earth. He then went on to say that the constitution just read contained
the following principles:
1. All mankind are born with equal rights and privileges; all are
entitled to the same degree of liberty; all are equally entitled to the
protection and benefit of the laws.
2. All government should spring from the people, and have the good of
the people for its object.
3. That all government implies the abridgment of natural liberty, and
that the people ought to submit to such abridgments, so far as the good
of society required.
The constitution then proceeded to prescribe a form of government,
consisting of three branches: 1st, of a President, who should see
to the general affairs of the colony, and to the execution of the
laws, who should be called the _Executive_; 2d, of three judges, who
should decide all disputes, to be called the _Judiciary_; and 3d, of
an assembly, chosen by the people every year to make laws, called the
_Legislature_. It also established the following principles:
1. Every man of the age of twenty-one years should be a citizen, and be
permitted to vote for members of the legislature and other officers.
2. A majority of votes shall be necessary for a choice.
3. The land of the island shall be divided between the families, in
proportion to their numbers, by the judges, and then each person shall
be protected in his possessions, and the property he acquires.
4. Any citizen shall be competent to fill any office to which he is
chosen.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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