Transcribed from the 1855 Johnstone and Hunter edition by David Price, email ccx074@pglaf.org ROMAN CATHOLICISM IN SPAIN. * * * * * BY AN OLD RESIDENT. * * * * * EDINBURGH: JOHNSTONE & HUNTER. LONDON: R. GROOMBRIDGE & SONS. * * * * * M.DCCC.LV. * * * * * EDINBURGH: PRINTED BY JOHNSTONE AND HUNTER, HIGH STREET. CONTENTS. Page INTRODUCTION—Variableness of outward practice of 7 Christianity—The like as to that of Mahometanism—Roman Catholicism most subject to that modification—Excesses of Roman Catholicism in Spain accounted for by Spanish history—The Goths and Moors of Africa—Their conversion to Christianity—The aborigines of America—Traditional coincidences with scriptural truth—National character of the religion of Spaniards—Religion of the affections—Santa Teresa—Amatory propensities in connection with religion—Knight-errantry—Motto of Spanish nobility—The four primitive orders—Loyola—Religion the pretext for wars of Spain—Three distinct features of the national character of Spaniards, illustrated by Isabella the Catholic, Charles V., and Philip II. CHAPTER I. THE SPANISH CLERGY—Their primitive state—Their subsequent 31 organization—_Barraganas_—Immoral practices of the clergy—Their wealth, and its sources—Their territorial possessions—Their influence and incomes—Their opposition to the sciences—Their ultramontane principles—The “pass” of the Spanish sovereign necessary to the validity of the Pope’s bulls—Doctrine of the Jansenists favoured by the ministers of Charles III.—Port-Royal and San Isidro—Parish priests—Sources of their income—Many of them good men, but deficient in scriptural knowledge and teaching—Their preaching—Abolition of tithes by the minister, Mendizabal—Effects of that measure—Poverty and present state of the clergy—Their degraded character and unpopularity—Their timidity in recent times of tumult—Ecclesiastical writers of the Peninsula—Power of the Inquisition curtailed by Charles III. CHAPTER II.