[Footnote: In later times the proconsul was the consul of the previous year, appointed to act as such over one of the provinces.--D.O.] [Footnote 7: This gate was on the west side, in the rear, farthest from the enemy: it was so called from the decumanus, a line drawn from east to west, which divided the camp into two halves: see note in revised edition of Prendeville's Livy.] [Footnote 8: August 1st] [Footnote 9: The consular year, not the civil one, which began in January: the time at which the consuls entered upon office varied very much until B.C. 153, when it was finally settled that the date of their doing so should be January 1st.] [Footnote 10: Called "Via Praenestina" beyond Gabii.] [Footnote 11: That is, broke up camp.--D.O.] [Footnote 12: The people of Rome had been divided in early times into thirty curies: each of these had an officiating priest, called curio, and the whole body was under the presidency of the curio maximus.] [Footnote 13: The ten leading senators held the office in rotation for five days each, until the consular comitia were held.--D.O.] [Footnote 14: August 11th] [Footnote 15: A lesser form of triumph.] [Footnote 16: The Sibylline books, supposed to have been sold to Tarquinius Superbus by the Sibyl of Cumæ: they were written in Greek hexameter verses. In times of emergency and distress they were consulted and interpreted by special priests (the duumviri here mentioned).] [Footnote 17: It will be frequently observed that the patricians utilized their monopoly of religious offices to effect their own ends.--D.O.] [Footnote 18: Curule chairs of office.] [Footnote 19: That is, recruits.--D.O.] [Footnote 20: The worst quarter of the city--its White chapel as it were. It lay, roughly speaking, from the Forum eastward along the valley between Esquiline and Viminial Hills.--D.O.] [Footnote 21: That is, to insure punishment and practically abnegate the right an accused person had of escaping sentence by voluntary exile.--D.O.] [Footnote 22: Perhaps the first bail-bond historically noted.--D.O.] [Footnote 23: That is, refused to accept the plea.] [Footnote 24: That is, defended them in court.] [Footnote 25: The Temple of Jupiter in the Capitol was divided into three parts: the middle was sacred to Jupiter, the right to Minerva, the left to Juno. By "other gods" are meant Terminus, Fides, Juventas.] [Footnote 26: Publicola, the father of Brutus.] [Footnote 27: That is, personal violence from the young patricians.--D.O.] [Footnote 28: Their control over the auspices was a favourite weapon of the patricians, and one which could naturally be better used at a distance from Rome. The frequency of its use would seem to argue adaptability in the devotional feelings of the nobles at least, which might modify our reliance upon the statement made above as to the respect for the gods then prevalent in Rome.--D.O.] [Footnote 29: This was the limit of the tribunes' authority.--D.O.]