[22] On Diocletian’s tax system, see Pauly-Wissowa-Kroll, III. 1513 ff.; Daremberg-Saglio, V. 434 ff. [23] “Rome’s First Coinage,” in _Classical Philology_, XIV. 314-327 (1919). [24] On life in the provinces see Bouchier’s books cited in the Bibliography. [25] The road-systems in the provinces may be seen in Murray’s _Small Classical Atlas_, or in H. S. Jones’ _Companion to Roman History_, Oxford, 1912, map 4. [26] See Reid, pp. 279 ff. [27] See Chapters I and II in the _Common People of Ancient Rome_. [28] A detailed account of the method of founding Colonies and a list of them may be found in Pauly-Wissowa-Kroll, IV. 510 ff. [29] For an account of the Idaho Colony, see Albert Shaw, “From New York to Idaho,” in _The American Review of Reviews_, LXIV. 177-182 (1921). [30] See the chapter on trade-guilds and corporations in Abbott’s _Common People of Ancient Rome_. [30a] This statement does not apply to Asia Minor where we do know of industrial strikes in Roman times at Ephesus, Pergamum, Miletus, and Sardis. That of the bakers at Ephesus (Kern, _Die Inschriften von Magnesia_, no. 114, an inscription which we now know is from Ephesus) took place in the second century A.D. The other strikes are those of builders, one in the second century A.D. at Miletus on the Roman theatre (_Sitz. Berl. Ak._ 1904, p. 83); for Pergamum, cf. _Athen. Mitt._ XXIV, 1899, p. 199 (also second cent.); for Sardis _C.I.G._ 3647. An article by W. H. Buckler on _Labor Disputes in the Province of Asia_ which will soon appear in _Anatolian Studies in Honor of Sir W. M. Ramsay_, Manchester, 1923, discusses this question. [D. M. R.] [31] On the failure of “big business” to determine the policy of the Roman state, see Frank’s _Roman Imperialism_. For a different view, cf. Ferrero. [32] “Race Mixture In The Roman Empire,” in _The American Historical Review_, XXI. 689-708 (1916). [33] Among the executives who have appealed directly to the voters may be mentioned Governor Hughes of New York State and Presidents Roosevelt and Wilson. [34] Augustus mentions his gratuities to soldiers in chapter 17 of his _Res Gestae Divi Augusti_; translated into English, _The Deeds of Augustus_, by W. Fairley, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1898. [35] On methods of calculating the population of the city of Rome, see J. Beloch’s _Bevölkerung der griechisch-römischen Welt_, Leipzig, 1886, chapter IX. sec. 2 and “Die Bevölkerung Italiens im Altertum,” in _Klio_, III. 471-490 (1903). [36] On Diocletian’s edict see the chapter on “Diocletian’s Edict and the High Cost of Living” in Abbott’s _Common People of Ancient Rome_. [37] See the _Theodosian Code_, (_Theodosiani Libri XVI_ ed. Th. Mommsen, Berlin, 1905), 10, 19, 1. 2. 8. [38] On compulsion to work in the mines, see the _Theodosian Code_, 10, 19, 5. 6. 7. and 15. [39] For Pliny’s inquiries see the _Epistulae ad Traianum_, 39; cf. 31 on work in the mines.