Roman Public LifeGreenidge, A. H. J. (Abel Hendy Jones)
History
Roman Public Life
Greenidge, A. H. J. (Abel Hendy Jones)
Constitutional history -- Rome; Rome -- Politics and government
(1) Their care of the state archives—originally possessed to a limited
extent by the plebeian aediles[952]—was still continued, and they divided
in some unknown way with the quaestors the custody of _senatus consulta_
in the _aerarium Saturni_.[953]
(2) The _cura urbis_ involved a series of duties connected with the
public sites, buildings, and functions of the city. The aediles had to
see to the paving of the streets, to insist on individuals keeping the
pathways before their own houses in repair, and to lease out at the
public cost the renewal of such thoroughfares as were connected with
public buildings.[954] They saw that all public places, such as roads and
squares, were kept clean and clear of obstacles, partly from a sanitary
motive, partly for the purpose of preventing the encroachments of private
buildings on public sites.[955] They controlled the water-supply and
prohibited private persons, with the connivance of the water-inspectors
(_aquarii_), taking more than their fair share from the public
conduits.[956] Their control of public buildings and temples was limited
to inspection and supervision, for the repair of such buildings, at least
when undertaken on a large scale, was leased out by the censors. Closely
connected with this _aedium sacrarum procuratio_[957] was their control
of the _cultus_ of the community, which obliged them to see that no
foreign innovations crept into the primitive form of Roman worship.[958]
Their police duties are shown by the edicts which they issued for keeping
order at the public games,[959] and by their control of private places
of utility or amusement to which the public were admitted, such as baths,
taverns, and the like.[960]
The aediles possessed the usual means of _coercitio_ for enforcing
their decrees; they seized pledges (_pignora_) and imposed fines
(_multae_).[961] When the latter surpassed the limit of the _multa
suprema_, the case went on appeal to the people; the plebeian aediles
defended their fines before the _concilium plebis_, the curule before
the _comitia tributa_. From the _cura urbis_ also sprang an anomalous
civil jurisdiction which was confined to the curule aediles; in one
form of civil action which survived in their edict as codified under
Hadrian—that, namely, arising from the damage done by wild beasts on the
public roads—it was they who gave the _formula_ and appointed the _judex_
or _recuperatores_.[962]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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