Roman Stoicism: being lectures on the history of the Stoic philosophy with special reference to its development within the Roman EmpireArnold, Edward Vernon
Religion
Roman Stoicism: being lectures on the history of the Stoic philosophy with special reference to its development within the Roman Empire
Arnold, Edward Vernon
Stoics
‘[Alexander] captured ten of the Indian philosophers called
Gymnosophistae[42]; who had been instrumental in causing Sabbas
to revolt, and had done much mischief to the Macedonians. These
men are renowned for their short, pithy answers, and Alexander
put difficult questions to all of them, telling them that he
would first put to death the man who answered him worst, and so
the rest in order.
The first was asked whether he thought the living or the dead to
be the more numerous. He answered “The living, for the dead are
not.”
The second was asked, “Which breeds the largest animals, the sea
or the land?” He answered “The land, for the sea is only a part
of it.”
The third was asked, “Which is the cleverest of beasts?” He
answered “That which man has not yet discovered.”
The fourth was asked why he made Sabbas rebel. He answered
“Because I wished him either to live or to die with honour.”
The fifth was asked, which he thought was first, the day or the
night. He answered “The day was first, by one day.” As he saw
that the king was surprised by this answer, he added “Impossible
questions require impossible answers.”
Alexander now asked the sixth how a man could make himself most
beloved. He answered “By being very powerful, and yet not feared
by his subjects.”
Of the remaining three, the first was asked how a man could
become a god. He answered “By doing that which it is impossible
for a man to do.”
The next was asked which was the stronger, life or death. He
answered “Life, because it endures such terrible suffering.”
The last, being asked how long it was honourable for a man to
live, answered “As long as he thinks it better for him to live
than to die.”
The king loaded them with presents, and dismissed them[43].’
[Sidenote: Were the Gymnosophists Buddhists?]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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