That pathetic combatant for papal rights in the twelfth century Gelasius II., exclaimed to his cardinals "We must leave Rome, where it is impossible to stay." That plaintive cry need, we trust, have no further echo: the ages of which Gregorovius writes that popes "were obliged to leave Rome to realise in foreign countries that they were still actually reverenced as representatives of Christ" closed, we hope, with the entry of the Italians into Rome and the consequent creation--in lieu of the elusive "_Roma intangibile_"--of what Bismarck happily called an "intangible Vatican." Index Abruzzi, Abruzzese, 153, 155, 188 Accademia dei Nobili Ecclesiastici, 221 Accoramboni, Vittoria, 167 Acilii Glabriones, 45 Adelbert, S., 8 Adonis, 90 _Aedes publica_, 31 Aeneas, 2, 130 Aesculapius, 7, 8 Agape, 46 Ager (agro), 1, 15, 70-1, 73, 74, 75, 76, 77, 90 Agricultural colonies, 11, 76 Agrippa, 20, 22, 30 Alabaster, 27 Alaric, 37 Alba Longa, 1, 2, 15 Alban hills, 17, 23, 70, 78 Albani, 171 Alexander III., 241 Alexander Severus, 22, 32, 63 _Alta Semita_, 55 Altar, 19, 20, 35, 186; position of priest at, 36, 186 Altieri, 172 _Ambarvalia_, 15 Amphitheatre, 22, 31, 33, 163 Anacletus II., 161 Ancus Martius, 5, 26 Anguillara, 60, 162, 168 Animals, cruelty to, 81, 88, 129, 147-8, 155; Leo XIII. and, 148 Anio, 24 Annibaldi, 168 Anselm, S., 5 Antonelli, Cardinal, 202, 219 Antonines, 11 Antoninus Pius, 32, 197 Antony, S., 68, 148 Apostles, 42, 48, 199 Appian Way, 30, 41, 45, 70, 168 Appius Claudius, 21 Apprentice, 67 Apse, 19, 35, 36 Aqueducts, 21, 22, 30, 31, 37, 39, 73 Arabesques, 29 Arcadians, 2 Arch, 36; of Janus, 162 Arches, triumphal, 33; of Constantine, 32, 162; of Septimius Severus, 32; of Titus, 31, 162; of Trajan, 31 Architraves, 19, 36 Arenula, 56 Aristocracy, 94, 99, 109, 132, 135, 159, 160, 170, 172, 173, 174, 178, 215, 221, 245, 253 Arnold of Brescia, 240 Augustus, 4, 10, 12, 23, 25, 29, 30, 31, 53, 54, 55, 57, 74, 164, 243; house of, 10, 30; mausoleum of, 30, 164, 242 Aurelian, Emperor, 6, 32; wall, 32, 38, 43, 163 Aurelii, 45 Aurelius, Marcus, 32, 46, 55, 63, 197, 241 _Ave Maria_, 232 Aventine, 26, 30, 160, 202, 227 Avignon, exile in, 6, 14, 57, 242 _Baioccho_, 105 Balbo, Cesare, 235 _Baldacchino_, 10, 177, 211 _Balnae_, 20 Bambin Gesu, image in Ara Coeli, 230; convent of the, 223 Banners, regional, 55, 57, 58, 59 Baptism, 231 Barbarossa, 241 Barberini, 9, 10, 171 Barbers, street, 101 Baronial towers. _See_ Towers Bartholomew, S., 7