Pre-Raphaelitism -- Great Britain; Rossetti, Dante Gabriel, 1828-1882
So by the following spring (1849) all three pictures were ready for
exhibition, and were hung, Millais's and Hunt's in the Academy, and
Rossetti's either from choice or necessity in the so-called Free
Exhibition held in a gallery at Hyde Park Corner. Here it was bought
for £80 by the Marchioness of Bath, in whose family an aunt of
Rossetti's was acting as governess. The picture is on many accounts
a favourite one with lovers of Rossetti's work. Considering the
painter's age and want of proper training, it is a masterly
performance. The scene shown is a room in the Virgin's home, with an
open balcony at which her father, St. Joachim, is tending a
symbolically fruitful vine. On the right of the picture, are the
figures of the Virgin and her mother seated at an embroidery frame.
The young girl, a most untypical Madonna, in simple gray dress with
pale green at the wrists, pauses with a needle in her hand, and gazes
with a rapt ascetic look at the room before her, where, as if visible
to her eyes, a child-angel is tending a tall white lily. Beneath the
pot in which the lily grows are six large books bearing the names of
the six cardinal virtues. These, and a dove perching on the trellis,
are amongst the peaceful symbols of the picture, whilst the tragedy
also is foreshadowed in a figure of the cross formed by the young
vine-tendrils and in some strips of palm and "seven-thorned briar"
laid across the floor. Rossetti painted the calm face of his mother
for St. Anna, and his sister Christina for the Virgin, giving her,
however, in contravention of the rule mentioned above, golden instead
of dark brown hair.
Although 1848 is intrinsically the year of the Pre-Raphaelite
movement, much of the work of the next two years comes within the
scope of its influence. As an example may be cited the important
pen-and-ink drawing called _Il Saluto di Beatrice_, representing in
two compartments the meeting of Dante and Beatrice, first in a street
of Florence and secondly in Paradise. The whole composition was
repeated in oil in 1859, and the meeting in Paradise formed the
subject of more than one separate drawing. The cream of Rossetti's
Pre-Raphaelite work, however, during the two years subsequent to
1848, is the _Ecce Ancilla Domini_, a sequel in sentiment to his
picture of the previous year. This is well known to frequenters of
the National Gallery at Millbank, and is described elsewhere. It was
exhibited in 1850 under the same auspices as its predecessor (though
the gallery this year was moved to Portland Place), and was priced at
£50. Its appearance was the signal for a storm of abuse and
raillery, which descended with impartial violence also upon the
pictures of the other "Pre-Raphaelites" exhibited at the Academy, and
pursued them relentlessly until time and success finally established
their position.
[Illustration: ECCE ANCILLA DOMINI.]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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