Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjectsProctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
Rough Ways Made Smooth: A series of familiar essays on scientific subjects
Proctor, Richard A. (Richard Anthony)
Science
looked for hopefully. Its orbit had now been most carefully computed,
and many observers, armed with excellent telescopes, were on the watch
for it, with very accurate knowledge of the course along which it
might be expected to travel, and even of its position from day to day
and from hour to hour. But it was not seen. Nor, again, was it seen
in 1872, when fresh computations had been made, and observations were
extended over a wider range, to make sure, as was hopefully thought,
that this time it should not escape recognition. Could it have come,
asked Herschel in 1866--and in 1872 the same question might still
more pertinently be asked--into contact or exceedingly close approach
to some asteroid as yet undiscovered? or, peradventure, had it
plunged into and got bewildered among the rings of meteorolites, which
astronomers more than suspected?
Between 1866, when Sir John Herschel thus wrote, and 1872, when again
Biela's comet was sought in vain, a series of strange discoveries had
been made respecting meteors, which led astronomers to believe that,
even though the missing comet might never again be seen as a comet,
we might still learn something respecting its present condition.
It had been noticed that the remarkable comet of 1862 (comet 11 of
that year) crossed the earth's track near the place where she is on
August 10-11, the time of the August meteors, called the Tears of St.
Lawrence in old times, but now known as the Perseids, because they seem
to radiate from the constellation Perseus. Later the idea occurred
to Schiaparelli, an Italian astronomer, that the August meteors may
travel along the path of that comet. He could not prove this, but he
advanced very strong evidence in favour of the opinion, for he found
that bodies travelling along the path of the comet of 1862 would seem
to radiate from Perseus as they traversed the earth's atmosphere. It
was as if a person suspected that a steam-cloud seen on a distant
railway track belonged to a particular train, and, though unable
actually to prove this, was yet able to show that, with the wind and
weather then prevailing, that train, travelling at its customary rate,
would leave a steam-cloud behind it precisely of the apparent length
and position of the observed steam-cloud. This cloud might have the
observed position though otherwise produced, yet the evidence would be
thought strongly to favour the supposition that it came from the train
in question. In like manner the August meteors might be travelling on
any one of a great number of tracks intersecting the earth's orbit in
the place occupied by the earth on August 10-11; yet it was at least a
striking coincidence that a flight of meteors travelling in the orbit
of the chief comet of 1862 would seem to radiate from the constellation
Perseus, precisely as the August meteors do.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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