From Verciorova to the Sulina From Predeal to boundary S. of mouth. Mangalia. _a_ 355 miles _a_ 185 miles _b_ 356 " _b_ 188 " _c_ 358 " _c_ 189 " _d_ 360 " _d_ 190 " From Fife-Cookson's map, in his work _With the Armies of the Balkans_, the measurements respectively are 355 and 186 miles.] [Footnote 4: The area is obtained by a somewhat similar process to the linear measurements, excepting that here we have been obliged to employ figures from various works (notably that of M. Aurelian and the Reports of Consul Vivian and of the Roumanian Geographical Society), and to take into consideration the exchange of Bessarabia for the Dobrudscha, which has not been done by Roumanian writers since that alteration was made. The _Gotha Almanack_ of 1881 gives the area as 129,947 square kilos.] [Footnote 5: There has been no census in Roumania since 1859-60, when the population is said to have been 4,424,961; now it is set down as above, and efforts have been made to analyse this estimate and to classify the population according to nationalities and religion. It is, however, quite impossible to do so with accuracy; indeed the census of Galatz taken last year shows that the whole can hardly be regarded as approximate. What we know is that _about_ 4,600,000 of the population are Roumanians and of the Orthodox Greek faith; probably 400,000 are Jews, 200,000 gipsies, and the rest Germans, Szeklers, Servians and Bulgarians, Hungarians, Armenians, Russians, Greeks, Turks, French, English, Swiss, &c.] [Footnote 6: Prince Jon Ghika says 87 mètres.] [Footnote 7: According to various works and maps, the heights of the mountain summits differ. In his work, _Terra Nostra_, edition of 1880, M. Aurelian gives the height of Pionul as 2,720.1 mètres, or about 8,934 English feet, and that of Caraïman as 2,650.2 mètres, or 8,705 feet; but some of the maps give measurements differing from these.] [Footnote 8: Fuller details concerning the soil and agricultural productions will be found in the chapter devoted to those subjects.] II.