EPITITHEDAS.—A term applied by some writers, by way
of distinction, to the cymatium on the sloping
or _raking_ cornices of a pediment, which
_superimposed_ moulding (as its name implies) was
frequently largely developed, and enriched with an
ornamental pattern.
FENESTRATION, termed by the Germans
_Fenster-architektur_, is, in contradistinction
from columniation, the system of construction and
mode of design marked by windows. Fenestration
and Columniation are so far antagonistic and
irreconcileable, that fenestration either
interferes with the effect aimed at by columniation
with insulated columns, as in a portico or
colonnade, or reduces it, as is the case with an
engaged Order, to something quite secondary and
merely decorative. Astylar and Fenestrated ought,
therefore, to be merely convertible terms; but as
they are not, we may be allowed to invent that of
_columnar-fenestrated_, to denote that mode of
composition which unites fenestration with the
_semblance_, at least, of the other. Employed
as a collective term, Fenestration serves to
express the character of a building or design with
regard to the windows generally: thus we say, the
Fenestration is excellent, or the contrary,—ornate
or meagre,—well arranged or too crowded,—which
last circumstance is a very common fault, and is
destructive both of grandeur and of repose. _Si
quæris exemplum, circumspice._
FILLET.—Any narrow flat moulding or surface is so
termed. Fillets are used either to separate or
finish other mouldings. The intervals or spaces
between the flutes on the shaft of a column are
also called fillets, although not actual members,
but merely the surface left between the hollowed
channels or flutes themselves.
FLUTING.—The collective term for the channels cut on
the shafts of columns. Hitherto this has been
restricted to little more than two modes, viz. with
arrises or sharp ridges, as in the Doric Order
(p. 17), or with fillets. A different mode of
_striating_ the shafts of columns is described at
page 39, and many others might easily be devised.
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