Ruins of Buddhistic Temples in Prågå Valley—Tyandis Båråbudur, Mendut and PawonGroneman, I. (Isaac)
Religion
Ruins of Buddhistic Temples in Prågå Valley—Tyandis Båråbudur, Mendut and Pawon
Groneman, I. (Isaac)
Buddhist temples; Temples -- Indonesia -- Java
In these sculptures I could not have recognised any continuous series.
Among many a domestic and some rural scenes I saw two or three fowlings
with a pea-shooter or bow and arrow (M 5 and 3), and one fishing (I 6);
one war-dance (C 5) and some other dancings on the occasion of which a
wind-instrument provided with a bagpipe (S 2 and R. 17) was played on.
Further there are offerings of food or flowers to Bodhisattvas or other
venerable personalities, and once to the Dhyâni-Buddha Amitâbha, the
Redeemer of this world (K 3), by six crowned men and to be distinguished
by their glories (Bodhisattvas perhaps?)
On one sculpture (K 2) Amitâbha (?) has been four times represented as
an ascetic in the wilderness. Sometimes there are hewed demons or
_raksyasas_, most often attacking or killing other people (M 2, 3, 6, 7
and 8); _tyaityas_ are to be seen more than once (U 3, T 6, 4 and 3, K
4, G 6, F 6, E 6, D 8, 6 and 3, and C¹ 6). _Bodhi_-trees covered by
_payongs_ and some _gandharvas_ under their shade, such as to be found
more than once in the _Parambanan_ ruins and speaking of _Buddhism_ even
there, have been hewed five times (K 6, G 4, F 3 (_bis_) E 4 and C¹ 6),
and once with a _payong_ only (D 1). _Vishnu’s tyakra_ has been once
represented on a lotus-cushion in the sky (C 2).
Concluding word.
In a small compass I suppose to have mentioned all that may be discussed
about the _three_ buddhistic monuments speaking in this valley, on the
two banks of the river _Prågå_, of a former high civilisation and of a
very developed art.
Those who require, or desire, a better insight into the ancient
Buddhism, and those who wish to know more about its sanctuaries to be
found here in Java and elsewhere in India, are kindly referred to the
works I consulted by the study of this subject, and to those I wrote
myself and which have been for the greater part mentioned in or at the
bottom of the text of this little book.
Granting Buddhism to have been lost in Java and elsewhere in India,—yet,
it still exists, more or less degenerated, still counting more followers
than any other religion ever counted, and its lucky freedom from
bigotry, especially in the hînayânistic countries, and noble doctrine of
love and self-command is raised above all suspicion[85].
_Jogjakartå_, October, November 1906, and 1911.
FOOTNOTES.
[1]See, among others, _H. Kern’s “Geschiedenis van het Boeddhisme”, II,
page 308_ and following ones, and Dr. _S. Lefman’s “Geschichte des
alten Indiëns_”, Berlin 1880, page 768 and following ones, and the
engravings on page 769 and the picture “_Der Açokafelsen van
Girnaroden Junàgadh im Jahre 1869_”, in the 3^d number of this work
opposite to page 257.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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