The purely secondary historians, who in spite of their reputation are better left unread, are: Giovanni Pietro Maffei, _Historiarum Indicarum Libri XVI_, Florence, 1588; Antonio de San Roman, _Historia General de la India Oriental_, Valladolid, 1603; Joseph François Lafitau, _Histoire des Découvertes et des Conquêtes des Portugais dans le Nouveau Monde_, Paris, 1733. _Os Portuguezes em Africa, Asia, America e Oceania_, published in Lisbon in 1849, is a lively summary of the best authorities. In modern times the scientific historical spirit has developed greatly in Portugal, under the influence of the great historian Alexandre Herculano de Carvalho e Araujo, and the publication of documents has taken the place of the publication of historical summaries. Among these ranks first the _Colleccão de Monumentos ineditos para a Historia das Conquistas dos Portuguezes em Africa, Asia e America_, a series of which any nation might be proud, and of which the _Cartas de Albuquerque_ already described forms a part. It is published under the superintendence of the _Academia Real das Sciencias_ of Lisbon, which also brought out, in 1868, _Subsidios para a Historia da India Portugueza_, containing three valuable early documents, edited by Rodrigo José de Lima Felner. Intelligent and thoroughly scientific articles have also appeared in the Portuguese periodicals, especially in the _Annaes Maritimos_ in 1840-44, and in the _Annaes das Sciencias e Letteras_, in which was published Senhor Lopes de Mendonça's article on Dom Francisco de Almeida. Mention should also be made of two books published in India, _Contributions to the Study of Indo-Portuguese Numismatics_, by J. Gerson da Cunha, Bombay, 1880, an interesting pamphlet on a fascinating subject, and _An Historical and Archæological Sketch of the City of Goa_, by José Nicolau da Fonseca, Bombay, 1878, a most carefully compiled volume. In conclusion I must express my gratitude to the editor of the series for much kindly advice and assistance, to Mr. E. J. Wade of the India Office Library, who has been my ever ready helper, and to Mr. T. Fisher Unwin for giving the plate of the portrait of Albuquerque, which appears as a frontispiece. H.M.S. LIST OF VICEROYS AND GOVERNORS OF PORTUGUESE INDIA, 1505-1580. The names of Viceroys are printed in small capitals.