II. THE EARLY CAREER OF ALBUQUERQUE . . . . . . . . . . . 41-63 THE RULE OF ALBUQUERQUE:-- III. THE CONQUEST OF GOA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64-92 IV. THE CONQUEST OF MALACCA AND RELIEF OF GOA . . . . . . 93-117 V. THE EXPEDITION TO THE RED SEA AND CONQUEST OF ORMUZ . 118-144 VI. HIS INTERNAL POLICY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145-169 THE SUCCESSORS OF ALBUQUERQUE:-- VII. NUNO DA CUNHA AND DOM JOÃO DE CASTRO . . . . . . . . 170-188 VIII. DOM CONSTANTINO DE BRAGANZA AND DOM LUIS DE ATHAIDE . 189-207 INDEX . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209-222 * * * * * * _NOTE_ The orthography of proper names follows the system adopted by the Indian Government for the _Imperial Gazetteer of India_. That system, while adhering to the popular spelling of very well-known places, such as Punjab, Poona, Deccan, &c., employs in all other cases the vowels with the following uniform sounds:-- _a_, as in wom_a_n: _á_, as in l_a_nd: _i_, as in pol_i_ce: _í_, as in intr_i_gue: _o_, as in c_o_ld: _u_, as in b_u_ll: _ú_, as in r_u_le. {15} ALBUQUERQUE CHAPTER I THE PREDECESSORS OF ALBUQUERQUE The period of the growth and domination of the Portuguese power in India is marked by many deeds of bloodshed and by many feats of heroism; it is illustrated by many great names, among which the greatest without doubt is that of Affonso de Albuquerque. But the general and administrator, to whom his countrymen have given the well-deserved title of _The Great_, was only one of many famous heroes, and it is impossible to understand the greatness of his conceptions and of his deeds without having some idea of the general history of the Portuguese in India. The importance to Europe of the successful establishment of the Portuguese in the East was manifested in two widely different directions. On the one hand, it checked the rapid advance of {16} Muhammadanism as represented by the Turks. In the sixteenth century the advance of the Turks was still a terror to Europe; Popes still found it necessary to preach the necessity of a new Crusade; the kings of Christendom occasionally forgot their own feuds to unite against the common enemy of the Christian religion; and the Turks were then a progressive and a conquering and not, as they are now, a decaying power. It was at this epoch of advancing Muhammadanism that the Portuguese struck a great blow at Moslem influence in Asia which tended to check its progress in Europe.