Rulers of India: AlbuquerqueStephens, H. Morse (Henry Morse)
History
Rulers of India: Albuquerque
Stephens, H. Morse (Henry Morse)
Albuquerque, Afonso de, 1453-1515; India -- History -- 1000-1526; Portuguese -- India -- Biography
By the fleet which was commanded by Dom Garcia de Noronha the most
precise orders had been sent for the building of a fortress at
Calicut, and Francisco Nogueira had brought out a royal commission to
be Captain of it. The Zamorin, who had been much impressed by the
conquest of Goa, now declared his willingness to grant a site for a
fortress at Calicut, but he would not grant the only site which
Albuquerque was inclined to accept, because it completely commanded
the harbour. On his return from the Red Sea, Albuquerque was informed
by Nogueira of the temporising policy of the Zamorin, and resolved to
carry out the King's orders without more delay. He met with
considerable opposition, especially from the Rájá of Cochin, who
feared that the lucrative {131} pepper trade, which he enjoyed, owing
to the existence of a fortress and factory in his capital, would go
to Calicut, and his views were adopted by the civil officers in
charge of the trade and also by all the adherents of Almeida's
policy. Nevertheless Albuquerque persisted, and since nothing could
be done with the reigning Zamorin he advised the heir apparent to
secure his accession by poison.
The advice was followed; the Zamorin was poisoned, and his murderer
and successor allowed Albuquerque to build a fortress on the site he
had chosen. It was the best fortified castle erected in India, and
its water gate, by means of which reinforcements and ammunition could
be introduced direct from the sea, was especially admired. The new
Zamorin offered to pay full compensation to the Portuguese for all
the damage that had been done since the murder of the first factor,
and he also sent two native envoys to Lisbon to protest his sincere
submission to King Emmanuel. The erection of the fortress at Calicut
set the seal on the Portuguese power on the Malabar coast; the Mopla
merchants were controlled at their headquarters, and the
_Commentaries_ assert that the Rájá of Narsingha or Vijayanagar
'declared, when he heard of it, that since the Zamorin of Calicut
had assented to the building of a fortress in his land by the
Portuguese, the Captain-General of India might as well build
another in Bisnagar (Vijayanagar) if he pleased.'[3]
[Footnote 3: Albuquerque's _Commentaries_, vol. iv. pp. 74, 75.]
Though the building of the fortress at Calicut was {132} the most
important event of Albuquerque's rule in 1514, some notice must
likewise be given to his relations with Gujarát, and the expeditions
he sent to Ormuz and Malacca.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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