The Bromley Letters, published 1787, relate chiefly to Rupert's early life, and to the years of exile, 1650-1660. The Carte Papers are invaluable for the history of the Civil War, and of Rupert's transactions with the fleet, 1648-50; and in the Thurloe and Clarendon State Papers much is to be found relating to the wanderings of Rupert and the Stuarts on the Continent. With regard to the Prince's family relations, German authorities are fullest and best. Chief among these are the letters of the Elector Charles Louis, and the letters and memoirs of Sophie, Electress of Hanover, all published from the Preussischen Staats-Archieven; also the letters of the Elector's daughter, the Duchess of Orleans, published from the same source. Besides these, Hauesser's "Geschichte der Rheinischen Pfalz", and Reiger's "Ausgeloschte Simmerischen Linie" are very useful. Mention of the Prince is also found in the mass of Civil War Pamphlets preserved in the British Museum and the Bodleian Library, and in contemporary memoirs, letters and diaries, on the description of which there is not space to enter here. CONTENTS Page CHAPTER I. THE PALATINE FAMILY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 " II. RUPERT'S EARLY CAMPAIGNS. FIRST VISIT TO ENGLAND. MADEMOISELLE DE ROHAN . . . . . . . 20 " III. THE SIEGE OF BREDA. THE ATTEMPT ON THE PALATINATE. RUPERT'S CAPTIVITY. . . . . . . . 34 " IV. THE PALATINES IN FRANCE. RUPERT'S RELEASE . . . 48 " V. ARRIVAL IN ENGLAND. POSITION IN THE ARMY. CAUSES OF FAILURE. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 " VI. THE BEGINNING OF THE WAR. POWICK BRIDGE. EDGEHILL. THE MARCH TO LONDON . . . . . . . . 85 " VII. THE WAR IN 1643. THE QUARREL WITH HERTFORD. THE ARRIVAL OF THE QUEEN . . . . . . . . . . . 101 " VIII. THE PRESIDENCY OF WALES. THE RELIEF OF NEWARK. QUARRELS AT COURT. NORTHERN MARCH. MARSTON MOOR . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128 " IX. INTRIGUES IN THE ARMY. DEPRESSION OF RUPERT. TREATY OF UXBRIDGE. RUPERT IN THE MARCHES. STRUGGLE WITH DIGBY. BATTLE OF NASEBY . . . 154 " X. RUPERT'S PEACE POLICY. THE SURRENDER OF BRISTOL. DIGBY'S PLOT AGAINST RUPERT. THE SCENE AT NEWARK. RECONCILIATION WITH THE KING. THE FALL OF OXFORD . . . . . . . . 177 " XI. THE ELECTOR'S ALLIANCE WITH THE PARLIAMENT. EDWARD'S MARRIAGE. ASSASSINATION OF D'EPINAY BY PHILIP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205 " XII. CAMPAIGN IN THE FRENCH ARMY. COURTSHIP OF MADEMOISELLE. DUELS WITH DIGBY AND PERCY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213