LIST OF FIGURES FIG. PAGE 1. Map of New York State 5 2. Bad conditions about a dwelling 28 3. Grading that turns water away from the house 42 4. Modes of laying out drains 46 5. Exterior wall-drains 50 6. Interior cellar-drains 51 7. Wall modes of making air-space 53 8. Water-tight wall 54 9. Rough-backed wall 56 10. Even-backed wall 56 11. Modes of making water-proof cellar walls 57 12. Water-proofing of cellar walls 58 13. Cellar-wall forms 65 14. Letting in fresh air 78 15. Ventilating device 79 16. Ventilating device 80 17. Ventilation by means of coal stove 82 18. Coal-stove ventilation 83 19. Coal-stove ventilation 84 20. Outlets into walls 86 21. Cow-barn ventilation 88 22. How a pump works 105 23. Air-lift pump 106 24. Diagram of a spring 109 25. Water finding its way from a hillside 110 26. The sinking of wells 110 27. Mode of sinking a well 114 28. A well that will catch surface water 115 29. A well properly protected 116 30. A properly protected well 117 31. Well-drilling apparatus 118 32. Sinking a well by means of a water-jet 120 33. An enclosed spring 122 34. A spring extension 123 35. A reservoir for home use 126 36. Stream draining a privy 129 37. Contamination of a creamery from the water supply 148 38. A protected spring-chamber 157 39. Concrete core in a dam 159 40. Section of a flood dam 161 41. Section of a flood dam 162 42. A joint in tile pipe 167 43. Windmill and water tank 170 44. Installation of a ram 172 45. Means of securing fall for hydraulic ram 174 46. A hot-air engine 176 47.