Russian Prisons: St. Peter and St. Paul; the Schlüsselburg; the Ostrog at Omsk; the story of Siberian exile; Tiumen, Tomsk, SaghalienGriffiths, Arthur
History
Russian Prisons: St. Peter and St. Paul; the Schlüsselburg; the Ostrog at Omsk; the story of Siberian exile; Tiumen, Tomsk, Saghalien
Griffiths, Arthur
Exiles -- Russia (Federation) -- Siberia -- History; Prisons -- Russia -- History
There is now, however, little chance of any such extended organisation
among the convicts on the journey or in the forwarding prisons. The
officials have learned how to prevent and break up such combinations and
more recent regulations have rendered them inoperative. So the old
_brodyagi_ must lament for the good old days and the power that they
once exercised.
Some curious details of the organisation of the _artel_ in the Middle
Kara, or state prison for politicals, are given by Leo Deutsch. It was
formed for domestic administration and was worked fairly and equitably
for the general good. Coöperation was the leading principle. All issues
of food, the daily rations for the whole number, were collected and
afterward divided with such additions as were provided out of a common
fund obtained by general contribution of moneys received by prisoners
from their friends at home. This fund was expended in three ways: one
part went to the “stock pot” as explained above, to supplement the food;
a second was applied to help prisoners about to be released; and the
third was divided as pocket money among the whole number, to be spent
according to individual taste, in buying small luxuries or books
approved by the authorities. The _starosta_ kept strict account; no
actual money passed hands; paper orders circulated and were debited to
each member on a monthly balance sheet, with the result brought out as
“plus” or “minus.” It was the same as in ordinary life; some thriftless
people were always in debt; the impecunious hoped to get clear at
Christmas time when gifts came in, but if still on the wrong side, the
“minus” was “whitewashed” by the consent of the _artel_ but not always
with the concurrence of the debtor, who was sometimes too proud to
accept the favour.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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