An examination of the spores, both collectively in the pustules, and separately under a high power, will not fail to convince any one who has examined only the species we have already alluded to, that this parasite on the anemone (_P. Anemones_) is a true _Puccinia_, and a most interesting one. The two cells of the spores are nearly spherical, and the constriction is deeper and more positive than in any of the preceding. Moreover, the surface of the spore is minutely and beautifully echinulate, or covered with erect spines (Plate IV. fig. 66). Some few other of the species found in Britain have echinulate spores, but those are not common like the present. One word of caution to the amateur in search of the _Puccinia_ on the anemone. It will be fruitless looking for it on the large foliaceous bracts of the flower-stalk, since these may be turned up carefully, till the back aches with stooping, ere a solitary pustule will be found; but the true leaves, proceeding from the rhizomes, are certain soon to afford you specimens. Everybody knows the dandelion, but it is not every one who has noticed the fungi found upon its leaves. These are most commonly of two kinds, or probably the unilocular and bilocular forms of the same species: the latter we have found in the month of May, and the former in August and September. The lower leaves of young seedlings have generally rewarded us with the best specimens of the septate-fruited brand (_Puccinia variabilis_, Grev.). The pustules occur on both sides of the leaf, and are very small and scattered (fig. 82). The spores are singularly variable in form: sometimes both divisions are nearly equal in size; sometimes the upper, and sometimes the lower, division is the smallest; occasionally the septum will be absent altogether; and more rarely, the spores will contain three cells. From the very variable character of the spores (fig. 83), the specific name has been derived. No species in the entire genus makes so prominent an appearance as the one found on the radical leaves of the spear thistle (_Carduus lanceolatus_). This latter plant is exceedingly abundant, and so is its parasite (_Puccinia syngenesiarum_, Lk.). From the month of July till the frosts set in we may be almost certain of finding specimens in any wood. The leaves have a paler roundish spot, from one-twelfth to one-fourth of an inch in diameter, on the upper surface, and a corresponding dark brown raised spot on the under surface, caused by an aggregation of pustules, forming a large compound pustule, often partly covered with the epidermis. The individual pustules are small, but this aggregate mode of growth gives the clusters great prominence, and therefore they are not easily overlooked (Plate IV. fig. 63). Although not confined to this species of thistle, we have not yet found this _Puccinia_ on any other plant. The spores are elliptical, rather elongated, constricted, and without spines (fig. 64).