The old story of “Eyes and no Eyes” is too often literally true, not only with the children it was written to amuse and instruct, but also with children of a larger growth who scorn such baby tales, and disdain such baby morals. Out of more than a thousand indigenous species of microscopic fungi, of which there is generally some evidence afforded of their presence visible to the naked eye, how few are there of the millions that inhabit our island who can count twenty species that they have ever seen; still fewer that have noticed one hundred. Amongst the twenty species known to the few will probably be included one which appears in autumn in prominent black spots, the size of a large pin’s head, or half a turnip seed, with the flat face downwards, sprinkling the under surface of blackberry leaves (fig. 39); with larger, reddish, purplish, or reddish-brown spots on the upper to indicate the presence of the fungus beneath. Just at the time when blackberries are ripe, these spots are in perfection on the leaves, and _their_ eyes must have been sadly at fault who could ever have gathered their own blackberries without seeing the discoloured leaves. The coloured spots on the face of the leaf are due to the diseased state of the tissues caused by the parasite on the opposite surface. As much of the leaf as contains two or three of the black pustules should be removed carefully with a knife or sharp scissors, and submitted to microscopical examination; each will be seen to consist of a dense tuft of blackish, elongated, stalked bodies, clustered as in fig. 44, but much more numerously and closely packed together. These are the spores of the blackberry brand (_Aregma bulbosum_, Fr.). A few of these spores should be removed on the point of a sharp penknife, placed on a glass slide with a drop of distilled water or alcohol, covered with thin glass, and then viewed with a quarter-inch objective. Each spore has a stalk longer than itself, thickened below, and containing a yellow granular core. The spore itself is much longer than in any of the _Pucciniæ_, of a dark brown colour, and apparently divided by several transverse partitions into three, four, or more cells, the whole surface being covered with minute warts or prominences (Plate III. fig. 41).