Rust, Smut, Mildew, & Mould: An Introduction to the Study of Microscopic FungiCooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Science
Rust, Smut, Mildew, & Mould: An Introduction to the Study of Microscopic Fungi
Cooke, M. C. (Mordecai Cubitt)
Phytopathogenic fungi -- Great Britain
Although we do not profess to teach practical men how to grow good corn,
or how they shall get rid of, or keep clear from, the many foes to which
their crops are exposed, yet a suggestion may be offered, based upon the
facts obtained in our botanical researches, supported by the analogy of
allied circumstances. In this instance the extreme minuteness and
profusion of the spores would evidently render all the corn liable to
the attachment of, perhaps only two or three, spores to the seed coat.
Some ears of corn in nearer proximity to the smutted ears may be covered
with spores which yet remain invisible to the naked eye, and when these
grains are mixed with others in the heap, the chances are not much in
favour of any handful not becoming charged with spores. If the majority
of these were not redeemed from destruction by the many changes,
shiftings, rubbings, and scrubbings to which the seed corn is liable
between the time of its reaping and the period of its sowing, we might
expect a very large crop of “smutted” corn. Under ordinary circumstances
we can scarcely imagine that the loss arising from infected ears would
repay much special labour to prevent it, only that to a large extent the
precautions taken to cleanse the seed corn from the spores of one fungus
will also avail for another, and while cleaning it of the spores of
“smut,” those of “bunt” will also be removed. The facts that we rely
upon chiefly as indicating the remedy are that the spores are only
superficially in contact with the seed corn, and that they are of less
specific gravity, causing them to float on the surface of any fluid in
which the corn may be immersed. Again, the spores of many species of
fungi will not germinate after saturation with certain chemical
solutions. One of the most successful and easy of application is a
strong solution of Glauber’s salts, in which the seed corn is to be
washed, and afterwards, whilst still moist, dusted over with quick-lime.
The rationale of this process consists in the setting free of caustic
soda by the sulphuric acid of the Glauber’s salt combining with the
lime, and converting it into sulphate of lime. The caustic soda is fatal
to the germination of the spores of “bunt,” and probably also of “smut;”
although, as already intimated, except in cases where these affections
of the corn are very prevalent, we shall be informed by the
agriculturist that the cost of labour in the prevention will not be
compensated in the cure.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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