Neander, Joachim—1610-1680—latterly minister of his native town, Bremen, previous to which he was a professor at Düsseldorf, where his love for the Lord Jesus, and his preaching vital Christianity raised persecution against him. He is the first writer of hymns of any importance of the reformed Church, and may be called the psalmist of the New Covenant, as his sacred songs are entitled, ‘Bundeslieder’ (Songs of the Covenant). Like David and Luther, he was great in the composition of tunes as well as words. Neumann, Gottfried—1740-1815—a friend of “the community of Brethren,” who was living in 1778, at Meerholz. Neuss, Heinrich Georg—1664-1716—native of Elbingerode, superintendent[3] at Wernigerode. He published one hundred and thirty-four hymns in his ‘Hebopfer,’ (heave-offering). [3]That is, in the Lutheran Church, one who has the ecclesiastical direction of a certain district. Olearius, Johann—whose real name was Oelschläger—1611-1684—of Halle, chaplain to the king and superintendent-general at Weissenfels, a learned theologian. His numerous hymns stamp him as the Gellert of his time. With true scriptural singleness of heart, an ardent Christian mind, and great abilities, he endeavoured to restore the sublime simplicity of the church-hymns, and to put fresh vigour into their style. This gave him, as it did Gellert eighty-six years later, a great influence over the hymn-books, in which many of his writings were soon adopted. Oswald, Heinrich Siegmund—who published in 1793, “Gedichte und Lieder fürs Herz,” which shew a beautiful Christian mind; he was still living in Breslau, as king’s privy counsellor, in 1827. From the “Schwanen-lieder,” (swan’s songs) of this venerable old man, is taken “Wem in Leidenstagen.” Rist, Johann—1607-1667—of the province of Holstein, born at Ottensen, near Altona, member of the ecclesiastical council and minister at Wedel; one of the most celebrated and influential poets of his time. He was, in the pulpit, as well as in sacred poetry, a zealous preacher of Christianity, and was consequently attacked by the zealots of his time, because he did not preach enough upon matters in dispute, and against erroneous doctrine. To this he replied, that, “In his parish there were scarcely two persons who held erroneous doctrine, but there were many who led sinful lives.” He had great trials in his youth, and in his later years he suffered from pillage, pestilence, and all the horrors of war. “The blessed cross,” he says, “has produced from me many hymns.” Though a great number of his hymns were adopted by many churches even during his life-time, he would never suffer them to be sung in his own church, with the exception of a Christmas hymn, which, on one occasion, he allowed the children of the school to practise, and to begin to sing on that festival, “wenn das Volk aus der Kirche zu gehen beginnt,” as the people were beginning to go out of church.