We pass over the reign of Richard II. as being anything but
prosperous for the progress of the sailing ship. His successor, Henry
IV., however, entered into commercial treaties with Prussia and the
Hanseatic League, much to the advantage of shipping. Piracy had
become so rampant on the North Sea as to cause merchants to abstain
from sending their goods across from the one country to another. This
Henry did his best to stop. He endeavoured to remove all hindrances
to the herring fishery, and all English merchants were to have full
liberty to arrive with their goods and ships at any port in Prussia.
The list of claims for satisfaction and recompense set forth in
the agreement between Henry IV. and the Hanseatic Towns throws a
light on the ships of the time. Thus we find reference to “a ship
of Newcastle upon Tine called _Godezere_ ... being of the burthen
of two hundred tunnes ... which ship together with the furniture
thereof amounteth unto the value of foure hundred pounds.” Mention is
also made of the _Shipper Berline of Prussia_, belonging to the port
of Hull; of a ship called the Cogge, belonging to William Terry of
Hull, carrying a cargo of both broad and narrow cloth. Another ship
from the same port was called the _Trinitie_; another bore the name
of the _Hawkin Derlin of Dantzik_. Among other acts of piracy, that
perpetrated near Plymouth on “a certaine barge called the _Michael
of Yarmouth_,” is mentioned. Another vessel, braving superstition,
bears the name _Friday_, another which was robbed of her “artillerie,
furniture, and salt fishes,” and herself captured and taken to
Norway, was named the _Margaret_. A similar misfortune had happened
to the _Nicholas_ and also to the _Isabel_. Other unfortunate vessels
included the _Helena_; a certain ship classed as a “crayer,” and
named the _Peter_; and two fishing vessels called respectively the
_Doggership_ and the _Peter of Wiveton_. Another fishing ship also
called the _Dogger_ was robbed of her fish and “furniture,” while she
was at anchor and her crew were fishing near by. Another “crayer” is
mentioned called the _Buss of Zeland_, and still a further one called
the _Busship_. One ship was of 300 tons burthen—this being measured
by tuns of wine—and carried a crew of forty-five.
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