For charges against Gorton see Portsmouth Town Records. There, also, under date “Mch. 16, 1642,” is a record of the banishment and disfranchisement of Wickes, Carder, Holden, Shotten and Potter; an action practically reversed on the 19th of the following September. (Portsmouth Records). They had already left Portsmouth before their official banishment. Footnote 25: There is reference to these controversies in Providence Records under date Nov. 17, 1641, in which Gorton’s name is mentioned. Footnote 26: There are strong reasons for questioning the authenticity of this letter. Footnote 27: This is admitted by Knowles, the biographer of Roger Williams. Arnold, certainly, had few sympathizers. None of the five “Disposers” of the town took part in this action. Footnote 28: The first deed of land beyond the Pawtuxet was made to John Greene, Oct. 1, 1642, and signed by Miantonomi and Soccononocco. The deed to Samuell Gorton and others, of the Shawomet lands bears date on the 12th of the following January (1642, O. S.). Footnote 29: The submission of Pomham and Soccononocco to Massachusetts bears date “June 22nd, 1643.” Footnote 30: _Vide_ “_Narragansett Historical Register_,” Vol. I, pp. 16, 17, _et seq._ Footnote 31: Sept. 12, 1643. Footnote 32: Reply of Nowell and the Boston authorities to Gorton, _vide_ “_Simplicities Defence_.” Footnote 33: “All ministers of the Gospel.” (Brayton.) The Providence men were Chad. Brown, Thomas Olney, William Field and William Wickenden. Sheffield says “Brown and Wickenden _afterwards_ became clergymen.” (_Samuell Gorton_, p. 45). Footnote 34: Sheffield says “for several days.” (Address before R. I. Historical Society, February, 1893). Footnote 35: The invaders also took and sold eighty head of cattle belonging to Gorton and his friends. Footnote 36: A full account of this contest, with statements of both parties, appears in Gorton’s “_Simplicities Defence_,” (first ed., London, Aug. 3, 1646.) See also Winslow’s “_Hypocrisie Unmasked_.” Footnote 37: Gorton was at first ordered to formulate his answers “_within fifteen minutes_,” but on appeal was given until the next morning. Footnote 38: By two majority! Footnote 39: Gorton was taken to Boston as “prisoner of war,” Oct. 13, 1643. He was sentenced Nov. 3, 1643; released Mch. 7, 1643-44 (1643, O. S.). Footnote 40: History of New England, Vol. I. Footnote 41: _Simplicities Defence against Seven Headed Policie._ Footnote 42: The reference is to Mr. Cotton’s championship of Anne Hutchinson and the Antinomian heresy. Footnote 43: Williams probably sold his half of Prudence to obtain money to pay his expenses to England, when he went to make application for a charter. The purchase was in the name of a friend and co-partner of Winthrop, one Parker, a merchant of Boston. Footnote 44: