Sanitation -- Cuba -- Havana; Sanitation -- Panama; Yellow fever -- Cuba -- Havana
The maximum bed capacity under the French was about seven hundred
beds. The hospital built by them was well manned and equipped, and
was a very much better institution than any hospital in America that
I know of at the same period carried on by a firm or corporation.
The French did most of their work by contract so that almost all
of their patients were employees of the various contractors. Each
contractor was made responsible for sick employees whom he sent to
the hospital, and was charged one dollar a day for each sick employee
as long as he remained in the hospital. A dollar a day was a very
moderate charge for the care and attention given a sick man in Ancon
Hospital, and I know that the charge did not cover the cost to the
old company.
It is the general belief among the people on the Isthmus, who were
there during the general construction work of the old French Company,
that a very small portion of the employees of the contractors came
into the hospital. Notable among these is Sir Claude Mallet, who
was the English representative in the city of Panama during the
period referred to, and who is at present the British minister to
the Panaman Government. From my knowledge of human nature I feel
sure that the French contractors did not send a large proportion
of their sick to Ancon Hospital. I am surprised that under these
circumstances the hospital ever contained seven hundred patients. If
we had been doing the work and had twenty-five or thirty American
contractors employing sixteen or seventeen thousand men, I should be
very much surprised if we at any time had seven hundred patients in
the hospital, if the contractors were required to pay one dollar per
day for each of the seven hundred patients.
Attached to the hospital the French had a dairy with a very complete
set of dairy buildings. In connection with this dairy was a farm of
some three or four hundred acres. The water supply for the hospital
during the French occupation came from three or four beautiful
springs which issued from the side of Ancon mountain. Night soil was
taken care of by a bucket system of closets.
The hospital system, on account of the topography, was necessarily
the pavilion system. This system was probably the best that could be
adopted for both the local and climatic conditions. The cooking was
done at one central kitchen, and the cooked food distributed to the
wards, where it was consumed.
The nursing force was composed of Catholic Sisters, assisted by negro
maids and orderlies. These orderlies and maids did the manual work
and rough nursing, under the supervision of the Sisters.
The medical staff consisted of a sufficient number of French
physicians. The superintendent during most of the period of
construction of the old company and up to the time that we took
charge in 1904 was Dr. La Crosade. He remained with us for several
years, and did for us most valuable and useful work.
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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