SANITATION OF MOFUSSIL BAZAARS BY G. W. DISNEY ASSOCIATE, KING’S COLLEGE, LONDON; MEMBER, INSTITUTE, CIVIL ENGINEERS; FELLOW ROYAL SANITARY INSTITUTE; LATE SANITARY ENGINEER TO GOVERNMENT, EASTERN BENGAL AND ASSAM THIRD EDITION CALCUTTA & SIMLA THACKER, SPINK & CO 1914 PRINTED BY THACKER, SPINK AND CO., CALCUTTA. THIRD EDITION DEDICATED TO Sir Lancelot Hare, K.C.S.I., C.I.E, LATE LIEUTENANT-GOVERNOR OF EASTERN BENGAL AND ASSAM. _Under whom the Author had the honour of serving for many years_. RANCHI, _The 17th June 1914_. ------------------------------------------------------------------------ PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION. The Second Edition of this work being now out of print for some years it has been suggested to me that I should re-write the Manual and bring it up to date. It does not purport to be a highly technical work, but will, I trust, indicate to those requiring fuller information where to look for it. Two Chapters have been added on Road Making and Building Construction which, it is hoped, will make the book more useful to those for whom it is written. The arrangement of the Chapters has also been altered. My acknowledgments are again due to many friends who have helped me in revising the Second Edition of this Manual. RANCHI, │ G. W. D. _17th June 1914_. │ INTRODUCTION. A concise handbook dealing with the most important points of the sanitation of Indian Bazaars is much needed; this is an endeavour to supply the want and put the information available on the subject in a convenient form, so as to facilitate the organization, and control the working of the sanitary department of a municipality. It is not within the scope of this work to allude to large waterworks or drainage schemes, but merely to show how existing arrangements can be improved. The real secret of sanitation is the prompt removal of fæcal matter and refuse from the neighbourhood of inhabited buildings before it has time to decay, as in the early stages of putrefaction emanations are evolved which are highly dangerous to health; it is also an admitted fact that the common fly is a considerable factor in disseminating disease, as it conveys germs on the pads of its feet from infected matter to the food-supply of the inhabitants.