[_] _a pig_ [_] _breeches (pants)_ [_] _spoon_ [_] _candle sticks_ [_] _chicken_ [_] _stockings (socks)_ [_] _scissors_ [_] _watch_ [_] _small bucket_ [Illustration: Activity 2—Food & Supplies, continued] ACTIVITY 3—Fortifications & Obstacles Armies in the 18th Century built fortifications to make it more difficult for their enemies to attack them. At the Saratoga Battlefield, the Americans and British constructed fortifications to protect their camps. Obstacles would be placed outside the fortifications. Sometimes they would be made by boring (drilling) holes through logs and putting pointed poles through the holes. These were called _chevaux de fris_ (pronounced “shuh-vo-duh-free”). A quicker obstacle could be made by cutting down trees and sharpening a tangle of branches. This was called _abatis_ (pronounced “ah-bah-tee”); it was used a great deal at our battlefield. When placed properly, these obstacles could force an enemy to attack in directions where they could not sneak up on the defender—and where the defenders were waiting for them. Caleb, a member of a local militia regiment, has been outside the American fortifications on Bemis Heights, cutting brush for firewood. It’s getting dark and he needs help finding his way back without encountering obstacles or guards who might shoot him by accident. Draw a line through the maze from where Caleb is now (lower left corner of the maze: he’s got the bundle of sticks on his shoulder) to the safety of the redoubt (pronounced “re-dowt”), the zig-zag wooden wall. [Illustration: _abatis_] [Illustration: _redoubt_] [Illustration: _chevaux de fris_] [Illustration: Activity 3—Fortifications & Obstacles, continued] Activity 4—“Report, Scout!” [Illustration: Scout] Scouts were very important throughout the War for American Independence. They provided valuable information about the enemy army and what it was doing. Knowing the enemy’s position, its strengths and its weaknesses, helped commanders decide what the actions of their own troops should be. At the time of the Battles of Freeman’s Farm and Bemis Heights, General Burgoyne’s army had lost most of the troops who could be effective scouts. Most of the Canadian and American Indians with his army had returned home to Canada and elsewhere, and many Americans loyal to England had been killed or captured at Walloomscoic (pronounced “_wall-oom-sick_”, also known as the Battle of Bennington). The American Army, with a battalion of rifle troops drawn from Virginia and Pennsylvania rifle regiments, enjoyed a slight advantage. Also, warriors from the Oneida [“_Own-eye-da_”] and Tuscarora [“_Tusk-a-ror-a_”] nations (two of the six making up the Iroquois [“_Ear-o-coy_”] Confederacy) assisted the American Army.