Satire in the Victorian novelRussell, Frances Theresa
History
Satire in the Victorian novel
Russell, Frances Theresa
English fiction -- 19th century -- History and criticism; Satire, English -- History and criticism; Thesis (Ph. D.)
Butler was not content to view the Church from his external position
with the silence of George Eliot or the casual comments of Meredith.
The intensity of his iconoclasm demanded full expression,--kept,
however, from crudeness by his ironic finish, and from injustice by
his fundamental reasonableness. In _Erewhon_ his chief point is
the perfunctory character of established religion. The Erewhonians
have two distinct economic currencies, one of which is supposed to be
_the_ system, and is patronized by all who wished to be considered
respectable. Yet its funds have no direct value in the community,
whose actual business is conducted on the other commercial system.
The Musical Banks excel in architecture, and keep up a routine of
receiving and paying checks. But their patrons are for the most part
ladies and some students from the College of Unreason. Mrs. Nosnibor, a
staunch shareholder, deplores this apparent lack of public interest,
and remarks that it is “indeed melancholy to see what little heed
people paid to the most precious of all institutions.” Her guest
observes,--[332]
“I could say nothing in reply, but I have ever been of opinion
that the greater part of mankind do approximately know where
they get that which does them good.”
The Musical Bankers not only protest too much as to the ascendancy of
their institution, but consistently depreciate the other:[333]
“Even those who to my certain knowledge kept only just enough
money at the Musical Banks to swear by, would call the other
banks (where their securities really lay) cold, deadening,
paralyzing, and the like.”
As to the cashiers and managers,--[334]
“Few people would speak quite openly and freely before them,
which struck me as a very bad sign. * * * The less thoughtful of
them did not seem particularly unhappy, but many were plainly
sick at heart, though perhaps they hardly knew it, and would
not have owned to being so. Some few were opponents of the
whole system; but these were liable to be dismissed from their
employment at any moment, and this rendered them very careful,
for a man who had once been a cashier at a Musical Bank was out
of the field for other employment, and was generally unfitted
for it by reason of that course of treatment which was commonly
called his education.”
_Erewhon Revisited_ deals more specifically with the miraculous and
doctrinal side of Christianity, mirrored in the account of the origin
of Sunchildism and its connection with the old Musical Banks. The two
main characters are Hanky and Panky, Professors respectively of Worldly
and Unworldly Wisdom. They are carefully distinguished:[335]
Public-domain text, read in full here on John Shaqi.
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